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Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by skrebbel on Monday January 20, 2025 @10:30AM (#42769654)
This is just a small country getting strong-armed by the US. You can be as pro NATO, pro US, pro "transatlantic relations" as you can and they'll still screw you over. Seriously I can't wait for the EU to get their shit together so we can stop being such pushovers.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by datadeft on Monday January 20, 2025 @11:34AM (#42770305)
Not going to happen when the leaders of the EU are largely unelected career burocrats.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by duxup on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:07PM (#42770681)
I wish the EU / EU nations were more assertive on any number of topics.

More powers involved the better for me even as an American.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by mola on Monday January 20, 2025 @01:00PM (#42771285)
I think it would increase the chances for escalation and war. It's hard to be allies with knives on each other's necks. If the us wants peace and power it should embrace its allies like it did most of last century. If Europe becomes militaristic then it's culture will become militaristic, then will be constantly on the verge of war. It will escalate.

I don't think this is really good for the US or anybody else in the long term.

Europe should arm up, but US should cultivate a friendly relationship. If Europe would arm up and the US keeps pushing it'll either end up with escalation or US will have to start dismantling European cohesion, both out comes would be bloody.

Plus, If this tragedy happens, China would have an easier time dominating.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by duxup on Monday January 20, 2025 @01:04PM (#42771332)
I thing two parties can be assertive and allies.

Plenty of countries don't think the same things and are not at war, and they're not even allies...

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by mola on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:18PM (#42772047)
If you're assertive and the other party keeps pushing you, what is the outcome? Trump has made it clear he will use US power to humiliate Europe while respecting their adversaries. If Europe becomes more assertive, a confrontation,probably a bloody one, will happen.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by duxup on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:32PM (#42772194)
>If you're assertive and the other party keeps pushing you, what is the outcome?

Disagreement?

People do that all the time.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by mola on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:42PM (#42772281)
And people who only honor power usually solve these disagreements using violence.

To avoid this outcome being common, we created a monopoly on violence inside states so disagreements have to be solved via courts and not violence.

We don't have this in geo politics.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by throw-the-towel on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:26PM (#42772134)
This is exactly the Kremlin's rhetoric behind invading Ukraine. "Oh, the Evil West made us go to war!" As if you couldn't just, you know, not go to war.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by mola on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:40PM (#42772260)
Yes,but Putin can hardly be described as non confrontational. His whole image is based on power. European leaders and voters on the other hand are less so. (They're getting there though) What I'm saying is that if you'll have Europe embrace a more putinistic style AND try to dominate them, you'll get a war.

Russia is already in that position, so you are already dealing with an assertive opponent who only believe in power. And you got war.

So I'm not saying that Putin's rhetoric is correct. but it is a fact that it causes war. In Europe's case it's avoidable if you don't go that route.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by wbl on Monday January 20, 2025 @04:03PM (#42773007)
The war is already here. We just have a choice: dissuade Putin by imposing costs or let him escalate his aggression.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by roenxi on Monday January 20, 2025 @06:14PM (#42774298)
There are a lot of options. The most successful option I've ever seen was the international response to the US invasion of Iraq - a strongly worded letter and let them wreck themselves slowly with constant wars. The US is being forced into a more pacifist stance because they can't afford to finance their own aggression and this Chinese are reminding them that peace and prosperity are linked. The USSR already collapsed because Russia couldn't afford to control Eastern Europe so we already know that Russia can't handle that sort of expansion.

The sensible thing would be to pull NATO back to more reasonable boundaries and leave the Russians alone. Maybe ally with them to oppose the Chinese or support India against China. Point them East instead of forcing them to militarise to the West.

What actually happened only really makes sense in context of the famous and rather concerning Trump-Biden debate. If that is the quality of the US's diplomatic head then it is easy to explain why the US policy went so far astray.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by phatfish on Monday January 20, 2025 @07:00PM (#42774656)
Russia has no interest in the far East, apart from the natural resources it is an empty wilderness. They want control of the populations of Eastern Europe again, hence the invasion of Ukraine.

Without NATO more countries than Ukraine and Georgia would be at risk of war with Russia.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by wbl on Monday January 20, 2025 @09:32PM (#42775753)
Russia signed no less than four agreements over 50 years reiterating that countries can join their own alliances. That's in addition to the commitments to territorial integrity of Ukraine.

Russia is not going to ally with the US against China even if we let them rape and murder Ukraine to their black hearts content. They want to dominate Europe and share the values of our authoritarian adversaries.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by nradov on Monday January 20, 2025 @11:33PM (#42776655)
The West never forced Russia to do anything. When the USSR collapsed we offered Russia the opportunity to be allies and partners but instead they chose violence. So fuck 'em, now they'll get nothing.

The sensible thing would be to bleed Russia to death. Regardless of whether they manage to hold on to some part of Ukraine for a while, Russia's ability to threaten their other neighbors and project conventional power beyond their borders is being rapidly, irreversibly ground down. Their low birth rate, and declines in their educational system and industrial base, are going to take them off the board as significant players for decades. Most of their major infrastructure and industrial plant is either a remnant of Soviet times or was built largely by foreign experts who have now left for good; there just aren't many young Russians left who still know how to build anything.

Russia has nothing that we need. China can be contained without any help from Russia. China isn't self sufficient in energy or food, and are facing their own demographic time bomb. So it's enough to keep them bottled up behind the first island chain and prevent them from securing their sea lines of communication. Keep the pressure on and eventually they'll have another revolution or civil war; those have been a frequent occurrence throughout Chinese history. As for India, sure let's have good relations with them but they're going to pursue their own interests and have zero interest in being sucked into some kind of entangling alliance.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by mopsi on Tuesday January 21, 2025 @02:54AM (#42777561)
> The sensible thing would be to pull NATO back to more reasonable boundaries and leave the Russians alone.

This does nothing to address the core issue of Russia viewing over 100 million Europeans across more than 10 countries as "lost colonies" that must be reconquered and subjugated under a Russian supremacist ideology.

It is us, not Russia, that must be left alone. In February 2022, European tanks did not roll into Russia; Russian tanks rolled into Europe.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by impossiblefork on Monday January 20, 2025 @06:33PM (#42774466)
Constantly on the verge of war with whom?

There is no reason for EU-US war, as there is no possibility of gaining anything. Neither can invade the territory of the other.

Militarism and aggression from the EU would presumably be directed east.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by barrenko on Monday January 20, 2025 @01:53PM (#42771796)
Of course, as EU nations are barely assertive they make poor allies.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by lokar on Monday January 20, 2025 @11:10AM (#42770033)
Then be prepared to spend 5%+ of gdp on defense, or become a Russian satellite.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by danieldk on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:05PM (#42770660)
It's so sad that the relationship between allies has come to the point where NATO Article 5 has become a bargaining chip against privacy/market fairness laws (DSA/DMA). I think to a lot of Europeans it feels like Americans have unilaterally ended a friendship.

It's true that Europe and Canada need to invest more in defense, but the balance is currently 755 billion USD (US) vs. 430 billion USD (EU) [1]. So it's certainly not like the MAGA rhetoric pretends. The US has the benefit of being a large nuclear power, but for a long time the US preferred being the nuclear protector to avoid too much proliferation on the continent.

Another annoying part of the 'they gotta pay up' Trump/MAGA discourse is that it's starting to sound like a mob wanting protection money. This is not how the NATO agreement works. Countries have to spend 2% of their GDP on defense, but it's not a payment to the US. They could buy Saab Grippens if they wanted to.

[1] https://www.nato.int/nato_static_fl2014/assets/pdf/2024/6/pd...

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by lokar on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:11PM (#42770733)
I certainly find the trump rhetoric distasteful and counterproductive. But I really think the EU would be better off with the ability to defend themselves. Depending on NATO article 5 always introduces a tempting ambiguity, which can lead to miscalculation.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by danieldk on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:18PM (#42770816)
I agree. Not only does it open the chance of miscalculation, but also makes Europe vulnerable to this kind of blackmailing.

It is still sad though. At any rate, it fits the pattern. During his first term he was also more interested in cozying up with autocrats.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by openrisk on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:48PM (#42771139)
For a long time Europe was happy having the cake and eating it. Pretending to be a united, peaceful, "soft superpower" and reaping the peace dividends of a US brokered world system. Yet everybody knows that almost all power rests with its varied nation governments, that they are all preoccupied with their own demons and internal inequalities and that they all see the EU as an alliance of convenience.

History called our bluff. Event after event, Financial crisis (remember that?), the Brexit implosion of the UK, the Syrian war / migration crisis, the Pandemic, the Russian invasion, the Trumpist implosion of the US, the Adtech invasion, the Energy transition disruption from China etc. An endless list of setbacks that is not going to end anytime soon.

The old continent is shaken to the very core but somehow we are still in the denial phase.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by jnurmine on Monday January 20, 2025 @01:33PM (#42771596)
Hardly having the cake and eating it. Ideas of a pan-European army were always shot down by either NATO or UK. I mean, it's hard to develop an own army if you are not allowed to by people who are part of the decision process.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by wbl on Monday January 20, 2025 @04:04PM (#42773024)
NATO is the EU with other hats plus US.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by danieldk on Monday January 20, 2025 @01:16PM (#42771437)
The old continent is shaken to the very core but somehow we are still in the denial phase.

I am not sure we are in denial. Have you seen defense spending since the invasion of Ukraine? Moscow failed blackmailing member states using gas. There was pretty good collective purchasing and distribution of COVID vaccinations, etc.

It's just a very slow process with 27 member states. But it seems that every crisis so far as accelerated European integration, which is a win.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by openrisk on Monday January 20, 2025 @01:46PM (#42771732)
> every crisis so far as accelerated European integration

There is indeed some evidence of this but this is not a cause to celebrate.

It is a reactive response and minimalist in scope. Once the crisis is somehow mitigated, everybody is back singing their old tunes. E.g., the various proclamations for banking and capital markets union are still in deep freeze, two decades after the financial crisis. The first response to the Covid and migrant crises was to close internal borders etc.

> It's just a very slow process with 27 member states.

Yes, and we should always celebrate and prioritise preserving that individuality - when it is not hindering the collective survival of our cultures and values.

The beauty of the European project is that it doesnt follow a known pattern. It must invent the needed mechanisms. At this juncture it feels there is a need for drastic such invention. To stop running after disasters and have some confidence in our future.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by mongol on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:31PM (#42770964)
If the US rhetoric continues it will not be long until you will see some currently non-nuclear EU countries start talking about contingency options. It will take a while, but it is good to remember that the reason there are so few nuclear weapons states is not because it is terribly hard, but because states have abstained for the global good and benefit of non-proliferation. This with the implied protection from states that have it.

If that no longer holds, then we enter a new era where non-proliferation will be history.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by jnurmine on Monday January 20, 2025 @01:23PM (#42771518)
I think already at this point, that there will be several more nuclear states in Europe (inside EU) in the not so distant future.

Many of the countries already have certified delivery platforms, or have ordered them.

Of course, we're treading in new waters and it's completely unknown if any existing contracts and treaties will be honoured anymore, but that concern will be secondary to this, I think.

I say it is a secondary concern because 1. basically any European nation can put together a delivery system, ballistic or cruising, should they have to; and 2. creating the weapon itself is not really that big of an undertaking for a modern high-technology nation state level actor.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by mongol on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:00PM (#42771857)
My bet is that we will see Poland to become the next nuclear weapons state. Possibly in collaboration with some neighbours around the Baltic Sea. Who knows, maybe Ukraine joins
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by bravo33 on Monday January 20, 2025 @06:44PM (#42774563)
The United States Intelligence Complex will never ever let that happen, instead we will give them an option to have our own nuclear warheads which can be equipped to a US operated aircraft on their soil just like it is in the Netherlands. The most important thing is the the Polish Government cannot independently target using a nuclear warhead the targeting and the decision to launch should always be made by the US(i.e. A US 4 star general just like how it is in NATO)
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by mongol on Tuesday January 21, 2025 @06:41AM (#42779051)
How would they prevent it? Using military force? Because if it becomes an existential question, the drive to achieve it will be very high. Also, the intelligence complex has failed to stop countries like North Korea, so I don't think they are allmighty in choosing who can get it or not. The status quo is a consensus. We will see what happens when allies to the US sense the relationship has fundamentally changed.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by lth20B on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:50PM (#42771163)
As an EU citizen, what bothers me most about this is that the EU is currently verbally attacked from both sides: Lavrov started in the Carlson interview with saying that relationships with Russia and the EU will be difficult but relations with the US are still possible. Mededev topped it off by saying that the EU cannot be forgiven but the US is still an important partner.

YouTube channels that follow the Russian narrative suddenly amplify this and pivoted from "the US is to blame" to "the EU is to blame".

The US narrative (at least online) seems to shift similarly: The US wasn't that important for the conflict, it is the Brits, the French and the Eastern European states who are the real hawks and who have to pay for the war.

Since the EU will be left out of talks between Trump and Putin, one wonders what the game is here and if secret agreements have already been made.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by JumpCrisscross on Monday January 20, 2025 @03:45PM (#42772860)
> Since the EU will be left out of talks between Trump and Putin, one wonders what the game is here and if secret agreements have already been made

This is defeatist. Europe isn't bound by talks it's left out of.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by SllX on Monday January 20, 2025 @01:28PM (#42771556)
The DMA really is despicable though. Finding existing monopoly language to be inadequate for their purposes, the EU invented entirely new language that’s theoretically neutral laws on neutral principles but was drafted with the intent of targeting specific foreign entities in a comprehensive manner (mostly American, but also TikTok which is a PRC corporation) threatening to levy fines of 20% of their global—not EU—global revenue.

With the full text of the law implemented, several of these companies came up with compliance plans that don’t run afoul of the letter of the law, but the EC has repeatedly and continued to say “not good enough”, effectively inserting itself in the design process of new products and services from these companies going forward.

I’m against using NATO Article 5 as a bargaining chip too, but seeing what popular support crappy extremely targeted and extremely bureaucratically-minded laws like this has, has me questioning how much the EU is really an ally these days. It’s a given that a lot of you feel this way about the election of Donald Trump (twice), so I get it, but it cuts both ways across the Atlantic right now.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by Spooky23 on Monday January 20, 2025 @01:43PM (#42771698)
The long Russian strategy has been to undermine the NATO via the US. The right wing nonsense in the US plays into that, by design, and is happening at the worst time for the US.

Reality is the value that the US brings is lower than it was. Ukraine has chewed up the old Soviet-era WW2 style tank divisions, but we’ve also seen that 4th generation fighters can’t survive in contested airspace and traditional Navy ships need to stay offshore (for now) to avoid being sunk by drone jetskis. Kinda a problem where we have limited inventory of 5th generation aircraft in either of our air forces.

The Navy sort of figured this out, but instead of building submarines built stealth ships with no weapons.

We need a reappraisal of US military force structure, based on the technology of 2026 vs 1986, as we’re on the path to end up like the Russians.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by NickC25 on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:34PM (#42772219)
>it's starting to sound like a mob wanting protection money

Starting to sound like a mob? He's been at this for his whole adult life.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by mschild on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:01PM (#42770622)
5%+ would likely put Europe ahead of the US in spending on military. Even 3%+ would be such a significant amount of noney that almost noone except the US could compete.

That said, its a price we should pay instead of relying on the US as a partner.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by trgn on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:44PM (#42772290)
Us and Israel show what the downstream effects on tech innovation are. It may not be a coincidence
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by megous on Monday January 20, 2025 @03:48PM (#42772890)
There's innovation without having to constantly kill and terrorize your neighbors and provoke wars to test your tech.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by trgn on Monday January 20, 2025 @05:06PM (#42773649)
no I understand that part, it just seems that at least today, there is a relation between a dynamic tech industry and high military spending. There's some historical evidence too (gps, internet, ...). Europe has a really stagnant tech industry (comparatively speaking), and low military spending. anyway, maybe the relation is spurious, e.g. maybe china is a good counterexample here (?)
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by megous on Tuesday January 21, 2025 @06:18AM (#42778887)
Europe is quite varied, you'd probably need to look at individual countries and do a more fine grained comparison between those, because they have their own differing policies on both military spending (some just buy gear from outside and may not innovate much) and support for innovation/industry or even educational systems (and where they stand on "sit and listen <-> here's a lot of tools and support and freedom/time to experiment" rigidity scale).
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by trgn on Tuesday January 21, 2025 @09:15AM (#42780275)
Startup scene in Europe is where? Berlin, Amsterdam, London, where else?
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by megous on Wednesday January 22, 2025 @04:09PM (#42797532)
I don't understand the relevance of the question. I thought the therad is about innovation, not "startups" (what's that? american style "supergrowth or you go to trash" VC funded companies?)
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by Chris2048 on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:14PM (#42770765)
> or become a Russian satellite

I'm sceptical Russia has this kind of power anymore, beyond being a proxy for China..

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by bigmattystyles on Monday January 20, 2025 @11:33AM (#42770276)
Is that so bad if that’s the cost of independence? Go after profiteers ruthlessly however.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by lokar on Monday January 20, 2025 @11:47AM (#42770458)
I think it would be a better system (as an American)
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by yapyap on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:42PM (#42771082)
be a US sattelite, be a Russian sattelite.

Honestly it feels like the US is also becoming a Russian sattelite with Trump & Elon having quiet gettogethers w Putin.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by impossiblefork on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:45PM (#42771107)
We're 3x as many as the Russians. There's no need for that, unless we need to have a war for some other reason.

5% is what Sweden needed in the 1980s to defend itself from the whole Soviet Union + Warsaw Pact, without the EU and without NATO.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by mrcnkoba on Tuesday January 21, 2025 @04:41AM (#42778106)
Never heard of the war between Sweden and Warsaw Pact in the 1980s. Maybe 5% is why it never happened.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by FpUser on Monday January 20, 2025 @12:53PM (#42771206)
FUD
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by skrebbel on Tuesday January 21, 2025 @08:19AM (#42779781)
Fwiw this is kinda what I meant with "for the EU to get their shit together"
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by cscurmudgeon on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:00PM (#42771863)
Wasn't ASML started based on research funded by the US?

> In 1997, ASML began studying a shift to using extreme ultraviolet and in 1999 joined a consortium, including Intel and two other U.S. chipmakers, in order to exploit fundamental research conducted by the US Department of Energy. Because the CRADA it operates under is funded by the US taxpayer, licensing must be approved by Congress. It collaborated with the Belgian IMEC and Sematech and turned to Carl Zeiss in Germany for its need of mirrors.[25]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASML_Holding

Before aiming to not be pushovers, EU should probably study the history of their own companies.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by skrebbel on Tuesday January 21, 2025 @10:08AM (#42780915)
> Wasn't ASML started based on research funded by the US?

No. ASML started as a spinoff of ASMI and Philips in 1984. It became hugely successful and effectively a global monopoly in chip production before any of its EUV products shipped.

Also, taxpayer money funds lots of research everywhere, and this is then used by companies to make money. Most of that research is public, done at universities. That the US chose to stick an "ours!!" label on some of it doesn't really make that research more special than other taxpayer funded research, in moral terms.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by JumpCrisscross on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:11PM (#42771967)
> This is just a small country getting strong-armed by the US

No, it's not.

It's ASML looking out for its largest customer. It's Amsterdam looking out for its shipping lanes, as well as for its Nine Eyes partner. Washington absolutely strong arms Europe, but it's strategically aligned with the Netherlands.

Like, just think about the guy coming into the White House. What about him screams quiet, behind-the-scenes diplomatic win taker?

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by throw-the-towel on Monday January 20, 2025 @02:12PM (#42771982)
Why don't you see it as giving a concession to your ally?
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by MangoCoffee on Monday January 20, 2025 @03:49PM (#42772892)
Maybe this is a wake up call for Europe to take its own defense seriously instead of relying on the US Both Bush and Obama have called for NATO members to increase their military budgets beside Trump. It took Russia invading Ukraine for NATO members to finally take this issue seriously.

The significant geopolitical shake-up of the past few years should serve as a clear warning to Europeans to prioritize their own defense instead of depending on the USA.

Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by trynumber9 on Monday January 20, 2025 @04:03PM (#42773008)
Shouldn't have bought Cymer if they didn't want to follow US export controls.
Re:Dutch Align with US Export Controls on Some ASML Chip Tools by harrall on Monday January 20, 2025 @04:18PM (#42773170)
The technology that makes ASML’s machines possible (EUV lasers) was researched by the US government with taxpayer money and ASML bought the San Diego-based US company that was producing the technology.