From this doc: https://pages.nist.gov/800-63-3/sp800-63b.html

There’s also this great quote:

Verifiers SHOULD NOT impose other composition rules (e.g., requiring mixtures of different character types or prohibiting consecutively repeated characters) for memorized secrets. Verifiers SHOULD NOT require memorized secrets to be changed arbitrarily (e.g., periodically).

There’s other great stuff in there as well like that you should allow users to “paste” passwords and potential passwords should be checked against a list of known bad ones.

Expiring passwords are the bane of my existence. My current job does that. It was originally a requirement by Microsoft and they've been recommending against it, but it catches up slowly.

My former company required not to use one of the last 10 passwords. So every 3 months, employees did the 11-password dance, setting the password back to the original one.

My company (5b a year annual revenue so not small) stops you from changing your password within 2 days of changing it previously to stop that.

Even the head of information security tried changing this and failed to get the change through.

That's the point where people simply append the month number.

It’s the absolute best way to make sure all your passwords are insecure garbage.

Expiring passwords are the bane of my existence when the period is short. I can live with changing a password once a year, but every three months is only encouraging me to pick weak passwords.

Why can I accept it? I constantly see colleagues sharing passwords and constantly have to say "please don't" when they try to share their password with me. While forcing people to change their passwords doesn't eliminate the underlying problem, it does limit the scope of the damage.

My old man's work used to make them change their passwords once a month.

For the next 10 years, his password was a particular insulting phrase directed at the IT guys, followed by a number that would increment each time he had to change it. Got into the hundreds before he left the company.

I was doing the same at one point, albeit it only lasted 5 years before I changed employers. Didnt even had to rotate the numbers, I could always come up with new and colorful insults for the nameless IT group. Which ironically I remember perfectly.

I'm reasonably certain that I'm not your father but I used to do that too - although I don't think I made it into the hundreds.

I had a coworker that would type in something random as his new password, then immediately fail to login three times in a row so his account would get locked. To fix this the sysadmin would reset the password, and allow you to choose a new password... and on the no-repeated-passwords policy did not apply to the magical reset dialog. So he would then reset it to his old password.

Changing the password opens it to compromise when it's being changed. Capture of that account is possible and easy at that point.

It also interferes with password managers and secure keys. Opens a phishing vector. Generally I could enumerate how bad it is and run out of ink here. (And it's a screen.)

I know passphrases are better. But, the problem is there's much more to type every time you want to unlock your computer. And thus also many more chances to make a typo.

Of course there's TouchID and Windows hello but they don't work if your laptop is closed in a dock. Or in my case a Mac mini at home.

This is why I still stick to the truly random sorry password, I have no issues remembering arbitrary strings for some reason :)

Typing a passphrase is so much easier. You already have muscle memory for typing English (or whatever your first language) words. I can type probably type a 60 character passphrase consisting of real words at least as quickly as than I can type a 15 character password with special characters, if not faster.

For you maybe, not for me. I'm pretty good with arbitary strings. And I'd only use specials that don't require shift :)

Luckily my work still allows 10-char with specials or passphrases of 16 and longer without.

Also, the incessant screen locking really annoys me, every time I step away for a coffee my PC is locked again, and this is also at home where my environment is completely secure and I'm the only one living there. I actually work in security but sometimes there is just no reason and it becomes just a barrier.

In the past I used an app to jiggle the mouse every once in a while but that doesn't work anymore. I now made a digispark that does the same in hardware.

Use a secure element with a password manager already. Specifically, certain password managers can handle yubikey as storage.

I type my arbitrary 12 character password for my laptop as quickly as I’d type two 6 letter common words, due to muscle memory, as I don’t have to change it every few months.

> 12 character password

Those are rookie numbers!

In all serious, my point is roughly that typing Sp3c1al_(h4racTer_p@ssw0rd$ is like O(n) whereas typing passphrases is like O(log n). Once you hit a certain length, pass phrases start pulling ahead in ease-of-use.

We're already constantly maintaining muscle memory just by typing normal words every day. With muscle memory for special character passwords, you have to start over from scratch every time you have to change one.

In other words, imagine I flipped over a flashcard with a new passphrase on it consisting of lowercase English words, and asked you to type it. Now imagine I flip over a flashcard with a new, special character password. How many more times do you think you'd have to reference the flashcard with the special character password while typing it out and developing the muscle memory over the flashcard with the passphrase?

Windows allows you to use a PIN for regular device logon - so you have a longer, more secure password for general use of the account, but an eg 8 digit numeric PIN _only_ for that device.

That's nice yeah, I wish mac had this too :'(