Taking some starting point, hugely evolving it/transforming it, and growing it into a dominant market leading product, I personally consider that innovation.
- Maps - 2005
- AdWords - 2000
- Gmail - 2004
- YouTube - 2005, but not founded by Google
- Analytics - 2005
- Translate - 2006 (but with neural machine engine in 2016)
- Calendar - 2006
- Sheets - 2006, but not founded by Google
- Docs - 2006, but not founded by Google
- Drive - 2012
- Slides - 2007, but based on acquisition
- Drawings - 2010
- Forms - Prior to 2014, couldn't find exact date
- Trends - 2006
- Alerts - 2003
My personal opinion is that there were too many chefs in the kitchen and google is now trying to optimize the “creative leader” to “can pump out rote code” ratio.
- Maps (Keyhole, Where2, Endoxion)
- AdWords (Doubleclick)
- Gmail (reMail)
- YouTube (Youtube)
- Analytics (Urchin)
- Translate (Phonetic Arts)
- Calendar (Timeful)
- Docs (Upstartle)
Also based on everything I can find, Gmail started as an in house project. reMail was acquired 5+ years after Gmail launched.
Google makes all their money off search advertising. They always have, and still do. They are a one trick pony with one REALLY good trick.
- Maps
- AdWords
- Gmail
- YouTube
- Analytics
- Translate
- Calendar
- Sheets
- Docs
- Drive
- Meet
- Slides
- Drawings
- Forms
- Trends
- Alerts
I’m sure I’m missing a bunch too. IMO they’ve pushed the envelope in a massive number of spaces, and continue to do so. That’s an incredible number of insanely successful software products for a 23 year old company.
Edit: I was thinking web/mobile apps there, missing obvious big ones like Android, Chrome, self-driving cars, a bajillion Google Cloud products, Chromebooks, Go, Dart/Flutter, AMP, Bazel, Protobuf, gRPC, Quik/HTTP2/3-related innovations, etc.