News for hackers. Stuff that matters.
Re:Stable Cascade by yogorenapan on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:02PM (#39360630)
Very impressive.

From what I understand, Stability AI is currently VC funded. It’s bound to burn through tons of money and it’s not clear whether the business model (if any) is sustainable. Perhaps worthy of government funding.

Re:Stable Cascade by minimaxir on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:11PM (#39360749)
Stability AI has been burning through tons of money for awhile now, which is the reason newer models like Stable Cascade are not commercially-friendly-licensed open source anymore.

> The company is spending significant amounts of money to grow its business. At the time of its deal with Intel, Stability was spending roughly $8 million a month on bills and payroll and earning a fraction of that in revenue, two of the people familiar with the matter said.

> It made $1.2 million in revenue in August and was on track to make $3 million this month from software and services, according to a post Mostaque wrote on Monday on X, the platform formerly known as Twitter. The post has since been deleted.

https://fortune.com/2023/11/29/stability-ai-sale-intel-ceo-r...

Re:Stable Cascade by loudmax on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:20PM (#39361596)
I get the impression that a lot of open source adjacent AI companies, including Stability AI, are in the "???" phase of execution, hoping the "Profit" phase comes next.

Given how much VC money is chasing the AI space, this isn't necessarily a bad plan. Give stuff away for free while developing deep expertise, then either figure out something to sell, or pivot to proprietary, or get aquihired by a tech giant.

Re:Stable Cascade by minimaxir on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:27PM (#39361691)
That is indeed the case, hence the more recent pushes toward building moats by every AI company.
Re:Stable Cascade by littlestymaar on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:24PM (#39360896)
> which is the reason newer models like Stable Cascade are not commercially-friendly-licensed open source anymore.

The main reason is probably Mid journey and OpenAi using their tech without any kind of contribution back. AI desperately needs a GPL equivalent…

Re:Stable Cascade by ipsum2 on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:30PM (#39360977)
It's highly doubtful that Midjourney and OpenAI use Stable Diffusion or other Stability models.
Re:Stable Cascade by cthalupa on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:44PM (#39361159)
Midjourney 100% at least used to use Stable Diffusion: https://twitter.com/EMostaque/status/1561917541743841280

I am not sure if that is still the case.

Re:Stable Cascade by refulgentis on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:46PM (#39361188)
It trialled it as an explicitly optional model for a moment a couple years ago. (or only a year? time moves so fast. somewhere in v2/v3 timeframe and around when SD came out). I am sure it is no longer the case.
Re:Stable Cascade by liuliu on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:40PM (#39361884)
DALL-E shares the same autoencoders as SD v1.x. It is probably similar to how Meta's Emu-class models work though. They tweaked the architecture quite a bit, trained on their own dataset, reused some components (or in Emu case, trained all the components from scratch but reused the same arch).
Re:Stable Cascade by jonplackett on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:38PM (#39361080)
How do you know though?
Re:Stable Cascade by minimaxir on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:42PM (#39361140)
You can't use off-the-shelf models to get the results Midjourney and DALL-E generate, even with strong finetuning.
Re:Stable Cascade by cthalupa on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:01PM (#39361353)
I pay for both MJ and DALL-E (though OpenAI mostly gets my money for GPT) and don't find them to produce significantly better images than popular checkpoints on CivitAI. What I do find is that they are significantly easier to work with. (Actually, my experience with hundreds of DALL-E generations is that it's actually quite poor in quality. I'm in several IRC channels where it's the image generator of choice for some IRC bots, and I'm never particularly impressed with the visual quality.)

For MJ in particular, knowing that they at least used to use Stable Diffusion under the hood, it would not surprise me if the majority of the secret sauce is actually a middle layer that processes the prompt and converts it to one that is better for working with SD. Prompting SD to get output at the MJ quality level takes significantly more tokens, lots of refinement, heavy tweaking of negative prompting, etc. Also a stack of embeddings and LoRAs, though I would place those more in the category of finetuning like you had mentioned.

Re:Stable Cascade by millgrove on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @03:26PM (#39362404)
What do you use it for? I haven't found a great use for it myself (outside of generating assets for landing pages / apps, where it's really really good). But I have seen endless subreddits / instagram pages dedicated to various forms of AI content, so it seems lots of people are using it for fun?
Re:Stable Cascade by cthalupa on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @04:18PM (#39362969)
Nothing professional. I run a variety of tabletop RPGs for friends, so I mostly use it for making visual aids there. I've also got a large format printer that I was no longer using for it's original purpose, so I bought a few front-loading art frames that I generate art for and rotate through periodically.

I've also used it to generate art for deskmats I got printed at https://specterlabs.co/

For commercial stuff I still pay human artists.

Re:Stable Cascade by throwanem on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @06:57PM (#39364562)
Whose frames do you use? Do you like them? I print my photos to frame and hang, and wouldn't at all mind being able to rotate them more conveniently and inexpensively than dedicating a frame to each allows.
Re:Stable Cascade by cthalupa on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @10:48PM (#39366221)
https://www.spotlightdisplays.com/

I like them quite a bit, and you can get basically any size cut to fit your needs even if they don't directly offer it on the site.

Re:Stable Cascade by throwanem on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @11:03PM (#39366314)
Perfectly suited to go alongside the style of frame I already have lots of, and very reasonably priced off the shelf for the 13x19 my printer tops out at. Thanks so much! It'll be easier to fill that one blank wall now.
Re:Stable Cascade by emadm on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:19PM (#39361575)
If you try diffusionGPT with regional prompting added and a GAN corrector you can get a good idea of what is possible https://diffusiongpt.github.io
Re:Stable Cascade by euazOn on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @04:16PM (#39362947)
That looks very impressive unless the demo is cherrypicked, would be great if this could be implemented into a frontend like Fooocus https://github.com/lllyasviel/Fooocus
Re:Stable Cascade by soultrees on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @03:40PM (#39362541)
What IRC Channels do you frequent?
Re:Stable Cascade by cthalupa on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @04:14PM (#39362915)
Largely some old channels from the 90s/00s that really only exist as vestiges of their former selves - not really related to their original purpose, just rooms for hanging out with friends made there back when they had a point besides being a group chat.
Re:Stable Cascade by xionplean on Thursday February 15, 2024 @07:00PM (#39391086)
I use comfyUI/SD and MJ and I have never seen anything on the level of what I get out of MJ. Nothing at CivitAI is impressive to me next to what I get from MJ.

Of course, art is so subjective none of this has any real meaning. MJ routinely blows my mind though and it is very rare something from SD does. The secret MJ sauce is obviously all the human feedback that has gone into the model at this point.

I think AI video will be a different story though. I think that is when comfyUI/SD will destroy MJ because MJ is simply not going to be able to have an economic model with the amount of compute needed.

Re:Stable Cascade by yreg on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @04:16PM (#39362946)
That's not really true, MJ and DALL-E are just more beginner friendly.
Re:Stable Cascade by orbital-decay on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @09:02PM (#39365462)
Midjourney has absolutely nothing to offer compared to proper finetunes. DALL-E has: it generalizes well (can make objects interact properly for example) and has great prompt adherence. But it can also be unpredictable as hell because it rewrites the prompts. DALL-E's quality is meh - it has terrible artifacts on all pixel-sized details, hallucinations on small details, and limited resolution. Controlnets, finetuning/zero-shot reference transfer, and open tooling would have made a beast of a model of it, but they aren't available.
Re:Stable Cascade by xionplean on Thursday February 15, 2024 @07:02PM (#39391108)
You obviously have no idea what you are talking about or just make stupid anime porn.

For fine art MJ destroys everything and it is even close. I say this with using comfyUI/SD all the time.

But you do you and your anime porn.

Re:Stable Cascade by orbital-decay on Thursday February 15, 2024 @08:56PM (#39392145)
I'm actually a person making technical decisions (art decisions in the past) in a VFX/art studio, and I'm talking about production use. No generative AI currently passes any reasonable production quality bar, but is being tried by everyone for doing the work that can't be done or is cost-prohibitive otherwise, for example animation, long series with style transfer, filler assets creation etc. Anything that only has a text prompt can be discarded instantly. You have to be able to finetune it on your own material for consistency (of course I'm not talking about dubious 3rd party models), you need higher order guidance (e.g. controlnets, especially custom ones) and many other things. In the hands of a skilled person, a trivial Krita/Photoshop plugin (Firefly, SD, SD realtime) blows anything MJ can offer out of the water, simply because it has all that and you can't do much with text, it doesn't have enough semantic capacity to express artistic intent. I'm not even starting on animation.

In fact, anything that involves non-explicitly guided one-shot generation of anything with light/shadow/colors/perspective is entirely out of the question with the current crop, because all models are hallucinating hard and aren't controllable within a single generation. There are attempts at fixing the perspective without explicit guidance, but it's going to be a long way and it's not super relevant to how things are done anyway.

And for fine art, nothing beats a human painter, doing it by throwing prompts at AI mostly misses the point. I'm not even sure what you mean by fine art in this context, actually - surely not generating artsy-looking images from a prompt for fun?

Re:Stable Cascade by minimaxir on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:32PM (#39361003)
More specifically, it's so Stability AI can theoretically make a business on selling commercial access to those models through a membership: https://stability.ai/news/introducing-stability-ai-membershi...
Re:Stable Cascade by programjames on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:22PM (#39361620)
I think it'd be interesting to have a non-profit "model sharing" platform, where people can buy/sell compute. When you run someone's model, they get royalties on the compute you buy.
Re:Stable Cascade by yogorenapan on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:29PM (#39360963)
> AI desperately needs a GPL equivalent

Why not just the GPL then?

Re:Stable Cascade by loudmax on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:06PM (#39361408)
The GPL was intended for computer code that gets compiled to a binary form. You can share the binary, but you also have to share the code that the binary is compiled from. Pre-trained model weights might be thought of as analogous to compiled code, and the training data may be analogous to program code, but they're not the same thing.

The model weights are shared openly, but the training data used to create these models isn't. This is at least partly because all these models, including OpenAI's, are trained on copyrighted data, so the copyright status of the models themselves is somewhat murky.

In the future we may see models that are 100% trained in the open, but foundational models are currently very expensive to train from scratch. Either prices would need to come down, or enthusiasts will need some way to share radically distributed GPU resources.

Re:Stable Cascade by protomikron on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @04:02PM (#39362790)
What about CC licenses for model weights? It's common for files ("images", "video", "audio", ...) So maybe appropriate.
Re:Stable Cascade by emadm on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:17PM (#39361559)
Tbh I think these models will largely be trained on synthetic datasets in the future. They are mostly trained on garbage now. We have been doing opt outs on these, has been interesting to see quality differential (or lack thereof), eg removing books3 from stableLM 3b zephyr https://stability.wandb.io/stability-llm/stable-lm/reports/S...
Re:Stable Cascade by keenmaster on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @04:45PM (#39363264)
Why aren’t the big models trained on synthetic datasets now? What’s the bottleneck? And how do you avoid amplifying the weaknesses of LLMs when you train on LLM output vs. novel material from the comparatively very intelligent members of the human species. Would be interesting to see your take on this.
Re:Stable Cascade by emadm on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @11:06PM (#39366336)
We are starting to see that, see phi2 for example

There are approaches to get the right type of augmented and generated data to feed these models right, check out our QDAIF paper we worked on for example

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.13032.pdf

Re:Stable Cascade by sillysaurusx on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @05:45PM (#39363896)
I’ve wondered whether books3 makes a difference, and how much. If you ever train a model with a proper books3 ablation I’d be curious to know how it does. Books are an important data source, but if users find the model useful without them then that’s a good datapoint.
Re:Stable Cascade by emadm on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @07:12PM (#39364672)
We did try stableLM 3b4 with books3 and it got worse in general and benchmarks

Just did some pes2o ablations too which were eh

Re:Stable Cascade by sillysaurusx on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @07:44PM (#39364897)
What I mean is, it’s important to train a model with and without books3. That’s the only way to know whether it was books3 itself causing the issue, or some artifact of the training process.

One thing that’s hard to measure is the knowledge contained in books3. If someone asks about certain books, it won’t be able to give an answer unless the knowledge is there in some form. I’ve often wondered whether scraping the internet is enough rather than training on books directly.

But be careful about relying too much on evals. Ultimately the only benchmark that matters is whether users find the model useful. The clearest test of this would be to train two models side by side, with and without books3, and then ask some people which they prefer.

It’s really tricky to get all of this right. But if there’s more details on the pes2o ablations I’d be curious to see.

Re:Stable Cascade by thatguysaguy on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @04:44PM (#39363246)
The net flow of knowledge about text-to-image generation from OpenAI has definitely been outward. The early open source methods used CLIP, which OpenAI came up with. Dall-e (1) was also the first demonstration that we could do text to image at all. (There were some earlier papers which could give you a red splotch if you said stop sign or something years earlier).
Re:Stable Cascade by diggan on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:47PM (#39361197)
I've seen Emad (Stability AI founder) commenting here on HN somewhere about this before, what exactly their business model is/will be, and similar thoughts.

HN search doesn't seem to agree with me today though and I cannot find the specific comment/s I have in mind, maybe someone else has any luck? This is their user https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=emadm

Re:Stable Cascade by emadm on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:14PM (#39361501)
https://x.com/EMostaque/status/1649152422634221593?s=20

We now have top models of every type, sites like www.stableaudio.com, memberships, custom model deals etc so lots of demand

We're the only AI company that can make a model of any type for anyone from scratch & are the most liked / one of the most downloaded on HuggingFace (https://x.com/Jarvis_Data/status/1730394474285572148?s=20, https://x.com/EMostaque/status/1727055672057962634?s=20)

Its going ok, team working hard and shipping good models, the team are accelerating their work on building ComfyUI to bring it all together.

My favourite recent model was CheXagent, I think medical models should be open & will really save lives: https://x.com/Kseniase_/status/1754575702824038717?s=20

Re:Stable Cascade by sveme on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:45PM (#39361165)
None of the researchers are associated with stability.ai, but with universities in Germany and Canada. How does this work? Is this exclusive work for stability.ai?
Re:Stable Cascade by emadm on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:07PM (#39361426)
Dom and Pablo both work for Stability AI (Dom finishing his degree).

All the original Stable Diffusion researchers (Robin Rombach, Patrick Esser, Dominik Lorenz, Andreas Blattman) also work for Stability AI.

Re:Stable Cascade by seydor on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:36PM (#39361060)
exactly my thought. stability should be receiving research grants
Re:Stable Cascade by emadm on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @02:16PM (#39361538)
We should, we haven't yet...

Instead we've given 10m+ supercomputer hours in grants to all sorts of projects, now we have our grant team in place & there is a huge increase in available funding for folk that can actually build stuff we can tap into.

Re:Stable Cascade by downrightmike on Tuesday February 13, 2024 @01:43PM (#39361147)
Finally a good use to burn VC money!