QOI is only 8-bit depth (per channel) so it's a no-go for me. But interesting, yes.

Out of curiosity, what for?

Considering QOIs association with gamedev, HDR textures would be decent guess

Not the OP but as an example, the difference between 8-bit and 10-bit on visual complexities like gradients are very noticeable.

I have a pipeline for scanning of analog sources like film. Since these are meant to be edited after scanning, 8-bit range is much to limited.

I render accumulation fractals like the Buddhabrot at 32 bits per channel. So far I have only used about 27 bits but it's nice to have a bit of headroom.

> Out of curiosity, what for?

Modern cameras can usually sense 12-bit colors. It's wasteful to throw this information away. We historically use 8-bit colors because of technical limitations in the past and because it's conveniently matching a byte. But quality-wise, 12-bit color is just much better.

I wonder how much complexity it would add to support 10 or 16 bit per channel in the file format.

you'd have to totally redesign the format. QOI is very specialized on 8 bits per channel (and RGBA)

The physical layout, sure, but would it conceptually involve more than just defining twice as large chunk types for 16 bit channels? Unless I'm missing something, it should be fairly uncomplicated code-wise?

Not really. QOI's opcodes are very specifically designed based on the characteristics of 8 bit images. For example, there is an 8 bit opcode for a run of up to 64 identical pixels. This makes a lot of sense for an 8 bit image, but is a lot less likely to appear in a 16 bit picture. For a 16 bit photo, the minimal QOI modification would almost certainly be worse than uncompressed since noise in the sensor will prevent any of the 8 bit opcodes from working.

RLE doesn't really work for photos even at 8 bit depth, the noise is noticeable even there. It's mainly useful for drawn/rendered content, where solid colored areas are far more common. That won't be much different at 16 bit depth.

A possibly better example for photos would be the 8 bit tag that says a pixel is within -2 to +1 in each of RGB. In 8 bit, there are a lot of cases where this is a big enough range to capture the noise of a static color (and or a gradient). In a 16 bit image, a lot of the time there might be 3-4 bits of noise which will mean that the tag is a lot less useful.

I've extended QOI for 10-bit here: https://github.com/AuburnSounds/gamut (and also grey and grey+alpha). So it's a separate incompatible codec yes.

The problem with a QOI that would have 16-bit is that lossless becomes more expensive, exact match in the color table is more rare too and not worth it anymore.

You will start to need more prediction modes + offsets.

Using QOIX for elevation maps in PBR currently.