Naturally, you need expertise to repair. And you need tools too. But you have to have access to schematics+boardview, spare parts, a way to flash firmware (so the replaced component actually works/talks with other components on the board) and you are good to go.
Making the same software and documentation Apple partners use available to all does not make your phone less sexy.
Making it possible to recycle say a screen from a device and put it into other device, those reducing waste will also not make your phone less sexy.
Allowing me the choice to replace a battery at an Apple approved store or let a random dude do it for me it will not make your phone less sexy.
The part about filling the device with glue is debatable, is it done for the user benefit or is done to prevent repair or done to gain 2 cents. If is done malicious to fuck the user then I think they should stop.
And I mean this in general, including washing machine, consoles and other devices, there is always a very cheap part that breaks, that could have been made stronger with a few cents more of materials and for some reason each year you get a new model of the thing with a redesign so the parts will never fit.
There clearly is a trade off.
The rest of your complaints are just about commercial concerns, they have nothing to do with the environmental impact of these devices.
How the fuck don't have an impact if
1 Apple approved repairs cost more and Apple "encourages" you to buy a new device
2 most people don't have an Apple store near by, so it makes it even more expensive and time consuming to get your device fixed.
From 1 and 2 results Apple approved repairs are more expensive and time consuming where it results (obviously) with less repair happening results more e-waste.
Aramco doesn't pretend about being environmentally friendly either https://www.aramco.com/en/creating-value/sustainable-busines...
Despite being the largest contributor of greenhouse gas emissions in the world...
What, precisely, do you think "right to repair" advocates want to do with their phones? Because you're right, it certainly doesn't involve popping out individual transistors like vacuum tubes.
The hard part is understanding the device without schematics. See https://www.wsj.com/video/series/joanna-stern-personal-techn... for a very good explanation of the issue.