To add to that, it also makes code audits impossible.
Intel, AMD, ARM, et al: There is zero, and I mean ZERO reason to hide management functionality from users in this day and age. It's 2018, security through obscurity has been proven wrong time and time again. It's foolish to think otherwise. Edit: grammar.
It's not a coding error. It's built to do exactly what it looks like it's supposed to do: diminish any ordinary person's claim of total control over the behavior of the system, such that, should the need arise, a trained hand can lift the proper latch and intervene, to gain the upper hand, ostensibly so "the good guys" win.
The good guys being those that ordered Intel into compliance with such requirements.
There is vast case law surrounding our first amendment right to refuse this kind of coercion. No one can force you to present something as yours against your will (at least, if they want it to hold up in court).
What is more likely is that Intel won a great many more government contracts by doing this. They'd make tons of money doing it, so they did it. And if they didn't do it, their competitor would. That's how the system works in this country.
We shouldn't excuse them so readily.
Dell sold laptops with this as an option until they were asked not to.
It would be pretty easy for a sizable country or even a wealthy US state to demand that these ‘secure’ co-processors can be disabled at the user’s discretion, via regulation.
From the NSA’s perspective, having the keys to the backdoor is an asset, but having a backdoor at all is a huge liability, now they’re not the only game in town. US businesses and citizens simply have more to lose.
Honestly, I think it’s laziness and inertia more than conspiracy.
You're assuming (fully) rational actors. It's fairly easy to have blindspots when they are (at least temporarily) useful.
Nation states already paid google employees to target gmail etc. now they targeted an apple employee to make this mistake which allows any targeted attack into those companies that gives mbp to developers very easy to carry out remotely, as this probably leave the remote capabilities put in place for the NSA wide open.
Source?
With other alternatives available, combined with low usage, I’m not sure that neither Intels ME nor AMDs PSP needs to be embedded in every CPU.
Intel ME does a lot of things, like the below (we think, no one really knows for sure):
- Active Management Technology (AMT)
- Alert Standard Format (ASF)
- Intel Boot Guard (IBG)
- Secure Boot
- Integrated Clock Controller (ICC)
- Quiet System Technology (QST) / Advanced Fan Speed Control (AFSC)
- Protected Audio Video Path (used in PlayReady DRM)
- Intel Security Assist (ISA)
- Serial over LAN (SOL)
- Firmware-based Trusted Platform Module (TPM)
I think there is also some power management functionality in there too.
Note that unless you manufacture the CPU yourself you still cannot be sure if there are no hidden backdoors. For example the ME could pretend it's really running your firmware but at the same time running some hidden code only delegating some operations to your code.
Even if the intentions are 100% legit, this is an operating system that you can not update (as frequently as your main operating system), and has many attack vectors.
Yes, it could pretend to run your firmware, but secretly load it's own, but it's actually quite hard to hide a 5mb (2mb min) piece of firmware in the chip. Research microchip decapping. You can clearly see the different regions of the chip.
But yes, it could be possible to hide a few x64 instructions, or circuits that could be manipulated. But running a remote control environment that can share your screen without your knowledge can only really be done clearly by running a large separate application stack alongside your main chip. (For now, who knows where we'll be in 5 to 10 years).
MINIX is a completely different OS than Linux, not a flavor of Linux.
“MINIX Linux” makes as much sense as “MacOS Linux”.
Intel ME just runs MINIX.
The TLDR is that once they started putting a CPU vendor-controlled management CPU on their chipsets, they realised they could use it to implement DRM that Hollywood had been asking them for. We know that AMD has a contractual obligation to DRM vendors not to open source their GPU firmware for this reason, and it's likely Intel and AMD have similar contractual obligations as regards their Intel ME/AMD PSP firmware, as these are also involved in DRM.
Importantly, I think, when there's a higher barrier to content theft, the remaining sources of pirated content are fewer and easier to track.
Except DRM on end-user devices is done with security by obscurity and it's never ever worked for media. And never will.
So there is so many sources of pirated content that attempts to track of stop them never succeeded. Fortunately NSA and other government spying organizations can still have their backdoor because "Hollywood needs DRM" bullshit.
If Intel would just allow an owner to build and flash their own Intel ME version using their own private/public keys then no one would have an issue with that. It's the fact it's a secret closed system that has full control to monitor everything you do, and can not be fully disabled.