I think the specific part you're referring to is Intel AMT (Active Management Technology) which allows the user to remote control into their computer. AMT is a module that runs within the Intel ME operating system.

Intel ME does a lot of things, like the below (we think, no one really knows for sure):

    - Active Management Technology (AMT)
    - Alert Standard Format (ASF)
    - Intel Boot Guard (IBG)
    - Secure Boot
    - Integrated Clock Controller (ICC)
    - Quiet System Technology (QST) / Advanced Fan Speed Control (AFSC)
    - Protected Audio Video Path (used in PlayReady DRM)
    - Intel Security Assist (ISA)
    - Serial over LAN (SOL)
    - Firmware-based Trusted Platform Module (TPM)

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_Management_Engine

I think there is also some power management functionality in there too.