I still remember watching the Keynote and expecting Gecko and then they had KHTML. I'd played around with Konqueror before, on various Linux distributions, and wasn't overwhelmed by its standards support (or quirks mode support, after all this was 2003). But Safari really enhanced it, and was so damn fast.

As an early user of Chimera/Camino, Phoenix/Firefox and Safari, the way I recall it was that KHTML was too good at standards, hence causing practical problems with actual web content which was built for IE. (A big part of Mozilla's energy at that time was in evangelizing websites to actually use standards and not block them for no reason, but they'd also done a lot of reverse engineering)

I also vaguely remember David Hyatt saying that they (edit: and by they I mean the Safari team that he'd moved from Mozilla to join) had taken some component from Gecko though I can't remember the details and his old Surfin Safari blog at http://weblogs.mozillazine.org/hyatt seems to have been superceded by the Webkit team's Surfin' Safari blog and it now just gives a broken redirect.

I remember using Konqueror and I always liked how fast it was. Indeed, many websites had problems when rendered with KHTML, but all that was needed was some polish.

Wow, the original submission which linked to this article (http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5041354, http://donmelton.com/2013/01/10/safari-is-released-to-the-wo...) is #1 and this submission is #4

There were quite a few links in that article. I found this email of particular interest and importance.

+1 There's still far too many people in the tech community who seem to think that WebKit was created from scratch by Apple who just felt like being generous by making it Open Source.

Its a great story ... and marks the beginning of WebKit.

And the end of KHTML. Apple changed WebKit enough that the patches couldn't be merged upstream since kdelibs has to maintain ABI compatibility across minor releases, so it gradually became more unmaintained and less usable. The KDE project couldn't kill it off since other applications relied on it being there, but they couldn't find enough developers to actually keep it working either.

Here's what the safari webpage looked like at the time if anyone is interested.

http://web.archive.org/web/20030108173656/http://www.apple.c...

Wow, Apple actually praising Google? 2003 seems like a long time ago.

The CEO of Google was on Apple's Board of Directors till 2009. I'm guessing 2008 was the year which relationship soured.

After Android changed from being Blackberry-like to being iPhone-like, Eric Schmidt stopped attending Apple board meetings where the iPhone was discussed due to conflicts of interest.

I'm sure that this is where Steve Jobs' "Android is stolen" idea comes from.

I really miss the old Google. The purity of their vision and the frequent, crazy projects that came out of Google Labs. At one point it seemed like every good idea was coming from Google.

Ever since Larry Page's chat with Steve they really haven't been the same.

What "chat" was this? (Genuinely curious.)

"Also, we'll be sending you another email soon which details our changes and additions to KHTML and KJS. I hope the detailed list in that email will help you understand what we've done a little better."

Interesting, anyone have a handle on this list?

Watching the keynote video, I see "CCS 1 and CCS 2" as two of the supported standards. Is this meant to be CSS, or am I missing a standard somewhere?

Do you have a link to that video ? I didn't see that on the video I watched (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T_ZNXQujgXw).

It's just after the end of that video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13n98rSaYp4&t=66m47s

Oh, thanks !

No, there are meant to be CSS 1 and CSS 2.

http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS1/

http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/

"This document specifies level 1 of the Cascading Style Sheet mechanism (CSS1)."

Similarly for CSS2 and CSS3. How did you get the impression that it's all just CSS and it has no versions?

He was asking if CCS (note the two C's, not S's) was a typo or some unknown-to-him technology.

Ah, I see...

I am surprised at how heavily the number of lines of code factored into the decision to choose KHTML. It makes sense that a smaller codebase is much easier to jump into, and usually means cleaner architecture, but I didn't expect to see it addressed as such an important factor.

At the time the minimum RAM requirement for Mac OS X was only 128 MB. WebKit was to be a system component, so it would be active in memory much of the time. Under these circumstances every MB of code counts, so it's easy to see why the leaner codebase of KHTML was found appealing.

However, I think there was also the psychological factor of Mozilla's reputation at the time as an open-source quagmire. The Netscape 4 code they had inherited was deemed unmaintainable, and so Mozilla started over with a rewrite that many thought was too complex and tried to reinvent everything under the sun (e.g. it contained a version of Microsoft's COM). Mozilla turned out fine eventually, but back in 2002 this wasn't quite so obvious.

> Mozilla turned out fine

Not exactly. There's a reason WebKit saw wild adoption by all sorts of projects, while Gecko adoption stagnated. The Mozilla codebase is still too complicated for most people.

Arguably, though, even if Gecko's code base were taken down to be smaller and easier to use than WebKit (and I have no idea how it actually compares today), it would be at a tremendous disadvantage because so many projects have incorporated WebKit.

If I want to use WebKit in a new project today, I can find a ton of people online who have done so in the past and use their experience to get me through it. If I want to use Gecko in a new project, I will have a considerably smaller amount of outside experience to lean on.

Yea, the Mariner cancellation meant that Netscape had no browser to compete in time for IE5, and Netscape 4 had many problems.

A significantly smaller codebase should produce a faster engine. Generally less work on the CPU.

just in case you're wondering why you were downvoted (I can't do that myself) -- size of code has almost 0 relation with CPU time. A small algorithm could be extremely computationally intensive

So when did KHTML become WebKit?

It didn't. KHTML and Konqueror are being developed independently from WebKit. WebKit itself has very little KHTML code left, anyways.

http://khtml-konqueror.blogspot.com

https://projects.kde.org/projects/kde/kde-baseapps/repositor...

A few months before this email when Apple forked it and removed the QT dependencies.

Apple willingly releasing open source stuff feels rather counter to some of their other philosophy. (still)

They didn't release anything willingly. KHTML was LGPL so they were forced by the license to release it as open source. However the LGPL allows building apps on top of libs without releasing them as open source though and that's what apple did, they did not release Safari as open source, only webkit. So everything they could release as proprietary they did, they only open sourced the parts they were forced to.

To be fair, they later rewrote KJS as JavaScriptCore and released it as open source using the BSD license, and also WebCore and more. See http://apple.com/opensource/ for more. By that time, many companies including Microsoft realized that releasing and contributing to open source was not only beneficial but also unavoidable.

They were forced to release the code by the license, but they picked the code knowing that from the beginning.

Well this was also after a year of working on a fork in seclusion. The project by then had diverged quite a bit, and had quite a differing philosophy from the original.

Back in those days, Apple was all about open-source - I still have an OSX 10.2 (Jaguar) box somewhere where the main headline is about Apple and open-source.

(Just found this: http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevenf/5393674266/)

I guess there's still a lot of open-source in OSX, but they don't need to shout about it now that they are no longer the underdogs.

While there might be less shouting about open source contributions nowadays, arguably the contributions themselves are much more useful.

Certainly WebKit has been widely adopted outside Apple, clang/llvm is slowly, but surely gaining converts, and libdispatch is IMHO deserving of wider interest, even though it may not be widely adopted on non-Apple platforms.

I think they were just trying to piggy-back on BSD reputation as stable and mature system, so they played the buddy-buddy card. Once OS X settled in its place, this was no longer needed, so the open source love faded.

It's not like the open source itself or the open source love thrived anywhere else in the Desktop anyway...

Actually open source has been a huge part of Apple ever since they acquired NeXT (or was it the other way around). The majority of OSX/iOS is open source and they have contributed in big ways to a number of projects e.g. LLVM, OpenCL, GCD, LaunchD, ZeroConf.

http://www.opensource.apple.com

It's really just a perception problem on your part.

> The majority of OSX/iOS is open source

Really? Large chunks of both are not, so how do you know it's the majority of it that is?

That said, it is rather simple to consider : as a general idea, the UI layer (Cocoa for OS X, CocoaTouch for iOS) and a few other things are closed. The rest is pretty open, as darwin in general is OSS.

Not the lower "Darwin" layers of iOS, they've never released that.

The "darwin layer" in iOS is fairly inexistant. When have you started a shell on a non-jailbroken iPhone? ;)

I actually meant all the lower layers including kernel and drivers etc. Which do exist, and have not been released.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwin_(operating_system)

"Darwin is now only available as source code,[4] except for the ARM variant, which has not been released in any form separately from iOS."

OK I get it, a lot of work went into safari. Do we need weekly top posts evangelizing this?

Two next to each other at that?

If you know of better content that the community would like to read about instead, please submit it.

Please don't turn HN into Reddit and start karma whoring. This post belongs on the other one that made you go looking for this email.

It was posted as a comment in the other link also.