I'm not sure I've ever seen a screen showing 10% as an option. I frequently see the options

1. 20%

2. 25%

3. No tip

4. Custom tip

Dark patterns.

I'm mostly seeing 18%, 23%, 27% or variations of that which clearly seems to be a nudge towards the higher amount, relying on the social pressure of the server standing right over you holding the screen out to you vs the old way of leaving the booklet at your table to fill out after they've left.

In a more brazen example I've been promoted to take my seat and use a qr code to order, it then requires me to pay up front on my phone (while providing my PII in the form of an email and phone number), and then asks me to tip before I've even had a server so much as introduce themselves or bring me water.

I'm all for servers making a living wage and paying higher prices to support it, but the current path this seems to be taking is really an unpleasant experience as a customer.

Here (in California) I mostly see 18,20,25 for restaurants and even higher ones in coffee shops (sometimes over 30 as the highest tier)

My credit card sent me a "potential fraud" warning message because I tipped 30% last year. And I appreciated it.

Sit down restaurants no longer offer anything less than 20. Ironically however, fine dining restaurants (especially michelin stars) explicitly ask you to not tip, because they pay their staff well. You can still do it, but every bill comes with a disclaimer that you don't have to.

Maybe. There are plenty of establishments that expect (even prod) you to tip the same high percentage when the base price is already hundreds of dollars so nobody should need pay compensation.

I've been to lot of fancy restaurants and the server is most definitely expecting a tip. Where are you located?(for reference I'm talking about America).

Not in the US. Danny Meyer tried a no-tipping policy at at Union Square Cafe but repealed it relatively quickly.