As a kid in the 1990's, I got to go to the biggest crash test facility in the US, the Insurance Institute of Highway Safety. There were crash dummies of different sizes all the way down to kids and infants.

Here's a list of current US dummies, including average males, extra small females, kids, etc:

https://www.nhtsa.gov/nhtsas-crash-test-dummies

The IIHS is always ahead of the curve. They're sponsored by insurance companies, so they have a huge incentive to reduce injuries. (It's amazing what can be done when billionaires have their incentives align with a greater good)

But, they have no power to regulate. Vehicles that do poorly under IIHS testing are completely legal, they simply get named-and-shamed. Sometimes I wonder how lax NHTSA testing would be if it weren't for the comparison point which is the IIHS.

On the other hand, because they're sponsored by car insurance companies, they only care about injuries from impacts.

Like how them changing their whiplash tests caused neck pain and injuries for anyone significantly outside their test dummies. But because they're not caused by an impact, but rather because they fail cars that allow the user to adjust head restraints to be less effective for the median posture, they don't care.

And they don't care about anything else. Dead people don't pay premiums.

Thankfully NHTSA has a much broader mandate.

What country is that? Definitely not the US. You can read about the different types here: https://www.nhtsa.gov/nhtsas-crash-test-dummies

That only changed relatively recently. I think in the last decade? Volvo was the only company testing on female dummies for much longer. They are the only company doing testing with models of pregnant women.

https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevetengler/2021/02/16/volvo-c...

Not all crash test dummies are 50th percentile males[1]. In the United States:

Regulatory Frontal: 50th male in front-left and front-right, or 5th female in front-left and front-right

Regulatory Side, struck by SUV: 50th male

Regulatory Side, struck by pole: 50th male

NCAP Frontal: 50th male in front-left, 5th female in front-right

NCAP Side, struck by SUV: 50th male in front-left, 5th female in rear-left

NCAP Side, struck by pole: 50th male

As you can see, most tests are done with male dummies, and almost no females dummies are drivers. Fortunately, there's money that's just been allocated by Congress for doing more female dummy testing.

[1] Also important to note that, at least in the United States, the percentiles were determined in the 80s and Americans have gotten fatter.

I'm pretty sure they use two crash test dummies, one representing the 95% man, and another for the 5% woman. This was mentioned when I did a course on product design a few years ago. The article you linked seems terribly biased, and I wouldn't treat it as particularly reliable.

The latter being true doesn't really make the former true. If you have one dummy that represents the average male, you're not doing a good job designing for men either.