"privacy" is not a crime, you need to be more specific. I would maybe understand if the employer was taking pictures of the employee with a webcam, but they were taking screenshots of the machine owned by the company - how is there any expectation of privacy if you're using company equipment?

The toilet is company equipment, too.

There is an expectation of privacy when using the bathroom though. There isn't when using a company issued computer, your employeer controls all the software on it, controls the network traffic - why would anyone have an expectation that what they use it for remains private? It's like there's no expectation of privacy when using an industrial lathe - it's meant for a specific purpose, if you use it for private purposes while at work, you shouldn't be expecting that to remain hidden from your employeer.

If I take a personal note using a company-issued pen, must that be disclosed to my employer?

It's not black and white, and many people will have some expectation of privacy when using company-provided equipment.

Whether there is an expectation of privacy in toilet or on the computer is culture dependent.

> expectation of privacy

US law is irrelevant outside the US

Who mentioned US law?

You.

I updated comment.