Microsoft always positioned it as "use F# for the hard stuff and C# for the rest." The trouble is that C# isn't that bad for the hard stuff, and if you're spending most of your time with C#, then for you it's probably better than F#.
When they made it officially part of .NET, it was the black swan of .NET languages with tooling only for libraries and command line applications.
Afterwards they attempted to position it as a language for ASP.NET MVC applications.
Then they largely left it for the community as F# was one of their very first FOSS projects.
Meanwhile the new MDIL compiler came out for Windows 8.x, followed by .NET Native, none of them support MSIL features required by F#.
Likewise .NET Core only accounted for C# and VB.NET, and they are still reimplementing type providers and the REPL for it.
Finally after all these years F# still lacks tooling for Forms, WPF and EF.
Meanwhile C# keeps getting some F# features.
Currently F# is being positioned as a language for data science with its type providers and Azure Netbooks.
Or are there any other reason, more technical ?