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Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mikeash on Monday April 17, 2017 @12:42PM (#14132325)
As usual, people don't know their own desires.

Ask people what makes them choose an airline and they'll probably tell you a tale about reputation, service, legroom, amenities, what have you.

Now stick them in front of a computer and tell them to buy a ticket with their own money and watch them pick the cheapest option regardless of the rest.

It's a race to the bottom because that's what people really want. When the rubber meets the road, most people want a horrible, cheap experience.

Why do airlines overbook flights? Because people would rather save $5 with a chance of being bumped than pay a little extra.

Obviously, we'd all love direct flights with sixteen feet of legroom, a hundred free checked bags, gourmet meals, free access to a library of every movie and TV show ever made, and for a price of $3.50. But that's not going to happen, because amenities cost money. When we're faced with the tradeoff, we favor low prices.

Once I truly realized this, I became a lot less annoyed with many airline shenanigans. Yeah, it's pretty annoying that as a tall guy I barely fit into the seat. But it's what I paid for. If it was that important to me, I could pay extra for more space. I don't, because, like most people, I prefer cheapness above all else.

You can get a much nicer experience if you pay for it. If you don't feel like paying for it, then what are you complaining about?

Not particularly related, but this line from the article caught my eye:

"It makes no sense to allow airlines to charge an astronomical fare just because a flight is nearly full, and a dirt-cheap fare for an advance booking."

What planet is this guy from? Of course it makes sense to charge high fares for a scarce product in high demand, and low fares for an abundant product in low demand.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by closeparen on Monday April 17, 2017 @01:04PM (#14132527)
But we aren't given the option to pay a proportionally higher fare for proportionally higher quality. Higher fare classes aren't +20%, +30%, they're 3x, 4x, 10x.

There are "I only shop on price" seats and "money is no object" seats. I wish we had more of a middle, beyond the usual +$150 for an exit row or +$100 for a regular economy seat, but in the forward half of the plane.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by gnopgnip on Monday April 17, 2017 @02:46PM (#14133357)
You don't need to be in first class for a better flight experience. You can book with another airline that has better accommodations or get a seat with more room like comfort plus for just a little more.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by rconti on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:58PM (#14134786)
From a domestic standpoint in the US, there is no "better accommodations", the service is roughly the same. You can get a seat with "more room" if by "more room" you mean "2-3 inches more legroom and nothing else." It's nice that I don't have to type on my laptop with the keyboard in my chest and screen on my tray table in Economy Plus (United product), but it's not really "more room". I still don't get an armrest, and it's still impossible to exit the row without making your fellow passengers get up.

True Premium Economy (such as what exists on Lufthansa, Air NZ, and now Delta international routes) does not exist for US domestic travel.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by Paul-ish on Monday April 17, 2017 @04:46PM (#14134280)
There is some information asymmetry. I wonder if the status quo would continue if we put the inches of legroom next to the price, or people would start using it to make purchase decisions.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by cosmotron on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:30PM (#14134580)
Google Flights tells you how much leg room you will get. For example: https://www.google.com/flights/#search;f=BOS;t=SFO;d=2017-05...

  Boston (BOS) – San Francisco (SFO)
  JetBlue 833 · Airbus A320
  Above average legroom (33")
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by gertef on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:21PM (#14134514)
I remember seeing legroom on Orbitz/Kayak/whoever in the past, but I don't see it now.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by cosmotron on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:31PM (#14134593)
See my reply above, it's Google Flights: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14134580
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by ashark on Monday April 17, 2017 @01:18PM (#14132667)
Seriously, show me where I can pay an almost-reasonable (say, 10-15%) upgrade fee for 3-4" more legroom over whatever the lowest is they can get away with (so, what they actually use in economy ordinarily) and I'll pay it every single time I fly, and I'm not even that tall. AFAIK leg room and other space considerations aren't even presented to me when shopping for tickets, but too little of it is my #1 complaint about flying, which is saying something because most things about flying are complaint-worthy.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by maxerickson on Monday April 17, 2017 @01:22PM (#14132708)
United calls that "Economy Plus". Not sure the price structure matches what you say:

https://www.united.com/CMS/en-US/products/travelproducts/Pag...

Exit row seats are also often first available to members of various frequent flyer programs and usually have a modest amount of extra legroom.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by ashark on Monday April 17, 2017 @01:36PM (#14132824)
First: thanks for the link, interesting to know that there's kind-of something out there for this.

From the FAQ on the linked page:

> Who can purchase Economy Plus seating? All customers who are not traveling on a Basic Economy ticket may purchase Economy Plus seating subject to availability. Advance complimentary access to Economy Plus is available to Premier® Platinum members and higher (for themselves and up to eight companions), and Premier Gold members (for themselves and one companion). Premier Silver members and one companion enjoy complimentary access to Economy Plus seating, when available, upon check-in.

I just... what is this even? How about just putting the legroom on ticket sale data—including for sales on 3rd party sites—and selling different ones at different prices? I don't want to become an expert on all this weird tricking-you-into-spending-more-money-with-us-than-you-should-if-you're-not-super-careful crap for every airline I might fly with, I just want to buy a ticket and fly every now and then, and I'm willing to pay for more legroom. How would I even begin to comparison shop for this upgrade vs. other airlines? I know the answer is "you're not supposed to because they're trying to screw you" but that's an awful answer.

This is precisely where regulation is useful: transparency in WTF you're buying and standards in how it's presented so competition can work its magic without consumers having to learn a bunch of otherwise-useless junk (the worst of which is "how to navigate systems and jargon that are specific to one vendor") in order to confidently make a simple transaction.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mikeash on Monday April 17, 2017 @04:44PM (#14134266)
I don't think we need more regulation here. All of this information is discoverable without a huge amount of effort. Third-party aggregators may not make it obvious, but that's their fault, not the airlines'. That the aggregators don't bother showing this info either means they're ignoring an important market segment (in which case, business opportunity for you!) or few people care about this stuff.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by nostrademons on Monday April 17, 2017 @04:39PM (#14134224)
Airlines don't want you to comparison shop for amenities, because then those will become a race to the bottom as well, and airlines will gradually reduce the amount of legroom available in Economy+ until it's just barely above regular Economy.

Anyway, basically all the major airlines except Southwest offer this. It's Economy+ on United, Delta Comfort on Delta, Premium Economy on American, Main Cabin Select on Virgin America, Even More on JetBlue, etc. I found this out through looking at the front page of each of their websites. Prices range from $40-50 (additional) per seat per leg. You can select it upon seat selection at the airline's website (which is where an aggregator will take you, anyway): the extra economy+ seats that are available are shown together with the price for the update, and you just have to click on them and it will adjust your fare accordingly.

So now you know. Incidentally, this is pretty good evidence of this subthread's point: you expected to be told all of this by going through a 3rd-party aggregator where you can search by cost. If you are representative of the average American consumer (which is probably pretty likely), it's no wonder the airlines compete on cost.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by ashark on Monday April 17, 2017 @06:19PM (#14134926)
> So now you know. Incidentally, this is pretty good evidence of this subthread's point: you expected to be told all of this by going through a 3rd-party aggregator where you can search by cost. If you are representative of the average American consumer (which is probably pretty likely), it's no wonder the airlines compete on cost.

They should probably work to ensure it's possible to accurately filter by other criteria on aggregators then, if they actually care about getting people to shop based on other features. They choose not to make any effort there, because even small levels of obfuscation enable extraction of rents. It weakens the ability of the market to improve quality and reduce cost, the more difficult it is to gauge quality.

If they cared the tickets would be per-seat and tell you the properties of that seat in some machine-parseable manner, not be upgrades (that change the seat you're in) that may or may not be available at all depending on how you bought your ticket, whether you're part of some special program, and so on. Ah, travel—the one context in which not-at-all-rich people are encouraged to temporarily act like petty nobility. Almost certainly another trick to extract more money from people. No accident it's also an industry that's managed to make something inherently amazing and awe-inspiring resemble one of the only-moderately-unbearable parts of hell.

At least with your Amex Platinum card and all those points you've racked up you can be baron in the Fourth Circle for a day.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by joelrunyon on Monday April 17, 2017 @04:18PM (#14134054)
Not to be rude, but it doesn't sound like you fly much.

You can buy economy plus unless you got a super discounted flight. Frequent fliers get first access depending on their level.

Just use google.com/flights (lists leg room data), or just hit the "i" mark on each fare and you can usually see the actual leg room on the ticket.

Don't bother using aggregators to buy the ticket. They're useful at finding fares, but the same rates are usually available through the airline's site as well.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by gertef on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:23PM (#14134536)
It's not that hard. You don't need to dig into the implemetnation, just look at the interface: when you book a ticket, you are presented with the option of purchasing upgraded seating (economy plus, bulkhead, exit row -- not just on United, it's on most airliens). If you don't like the options available, cancel your purchase (within 24h of purchase)
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by true_religion on Monday April 17, 2017 @03:35PM (#14133754)
Airlines are optimized for frequent fliers, which is why their copy isn't very approachable if you are thinking from the point of view of making arbitrary choices. Frequent fliers don't do that generally. They operate on making decisions that will last at least a year like what ticket class or flier program to use.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by cardiffspaceman on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:06PM (#14134423)
> Optimized for frequent fliers

Rather, frequent fliers out of necessity soon learn these things, and start to speak the language(s) that the airlines use instead of language that muggles understand. Even frequent flyers don't always instantly know why I don't fly in row 1, though I do fly first class.

It's easier to know what you're getting when you buy a TV than it is to do so when buying an airline ticket, even if you buy the TV on impulse, and even though TV vendors are looking to extract as much as they can from TV buyers.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by ashark on Monday April 17, 2017 @06:26PM (#14134969)
Exactly. A ticket for a seat on an aircraft has no justification for being more complex or confusing to buy than, say, an apple. It ought to be way less complex than apples, in fact, since they can rot or suffer from poor storage and so on.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mikeash on Monday April 17, 2017 @07:16PM (#14135255)
It is that simple. Punch in your departure and destination airports, click click click, done.

You want to control every detail of the result while also spending as little money as possible? That takes some effort, with both flights and apples.

Actually, getting the best price for a flight is easier than with apples. I'd have to spend all day calling (or visiting!) stores in my area to see who has the best price for apples, since most stores don't make that information available online in any form. Accomplishing the same for a flight takes literally thirty seconds.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by chiph on Monday April 17, 2017 @03:49PM (#14133861)
seatguru.com is where I go to check seat dimensions. Spirit has a seat pitch (the distance between rows) around 28", two inches shorter than major carriers. And few of their seats recline. You get what you pay for..

I can't fit in there - I'm 6' tall (183cm), so I fly Delta and buy their Comfort+ seat upgrade. But I'll also look at their 1st class fare, because after checking a bag and getting the upgrade, sometimes going all the way to First is only like $100 more (and the bag check is free, and you're first off the plane, and first to get your bag at the carousel).

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by rconti on Monday April 17, 2017 @06:02PM (#14134817)
I'm not remotely clear what you're confused about. Economy Plus is a simple purchase-time option on United flights. When you choose your seat, they have all of the options right there.

I otherwise agree with the sentiment that the data should be more available (I spend way too much time on SeatGuru trying to find plane/seat info before booking), and I desperately wish we had an option to pay for a few more inches of leg and elbow room (NOT just legroom), but Economy Plus is about as straightforward a program as it gets in the airline industry.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by hypersoar on Monday April 17, 2017 @01:27PM (#14132749)
In my experience, Delta and Alaska both offer exactly that. Basically, they're charging extra for the exit rows. I usually find that they're available whenever the flight isn't close to full.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by joelrunyon on Monday April 17, 2017 @01:51PM (#14132943)
That's where status comes into play & has definite benefits.

Basic status on AA will give you economy plus seating for free. HUGE for anyone over 6'

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by com2kid on Monday April 17, 2017 @01:46PM (#14132905)
> Seriously, show me where I can pay an almost-reasonable (say, 10-15%) upgrade fee for 3-4" more legroom over whatever the lowest is they can get away with

JetBlue and Delta both offer this.

JetBlue has plenty of leg room anyway, I'm 6' FWIW and I find paying for the upgrade to be needless. Delta it can be worth it for longer flights.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by ashark on Monday April 17, 2017 @02:03PM (#14133040)
The problem is comparison shopping for these upgrades. Is this flight eligible (i.e. are there any upgrades left on this aircraft)? Is this ticket eligible (see my other comment about United's bizarre rules, some tickets being wholly ineligible for the upgrade—how do you know that stuff for all the airlines you might choose for a given flight?) How much leg room is there to begin with? How does that compare to the flight I was on last time? How (if at all) does that change if this is a flight "by" major carrier X but actually serviced domestically by subcontractor Y with the international portion handled by carrier Z? How likely am I to realize my upgrade in an industry where I might not even fly on the flight I paid for at all? All of this must be investigated on a carrier-by-carrier and flight-by-flight basis, from what I can tell.

Where can I filter flights from multiple carriers to not show tickets providing under some level of legroom?

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mikeash on Monday April 17, 2017 @03:06PM (#14133538)
I wonder if an old-fashioned travel agent could take care of that for you. Failing that, maybe the concierge service many credit cards offer, or even something like getmagic.com.

I haven't tried these myself, but it seems like one of those things you can pay some money to get someone else to worry about it for you.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by GFischer on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:00PM (#14134382)
Yep, travel agents can do that for you.

I'll forward the suggestion of having this information (seat dimensions, extra legroom) more readily available to agents when booking (I work for the largest "traditional" travel agents group remaining).

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mikeash on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:09PM (#14134449)
Nice!

I haven't used a travel agent in ages. What's the experience like these days? Are they something that would be good for the average Joe like myself to use, or is it more of a specialized niche now? I understand you may be biased, but I'd still be interested in the inside perspective.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by GFischer on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:32PM (#14134603)
I'm not really much of an insider, I haven't used a travel agent either ! I'm just a developer who has recently entered the travel industry :)

What I do think is that you're not getting much of a discount going online (and agencies get their own exclusive deals too) - what you do get buying with an online travel agency (OTA) (and I personally like) is more control, but at the expense of advice and experience. If you're comfortable taking the risk of taking wrong choices and like setting your own itinerary, online offers more "freedom". However, it seems that customers 50 and over value the agents' experience a lot. Personally, there are several things I would have missed if I booked flights myself: legroom, connection times, the fact that you need to have a ticket be the same "segment" to get protected if things go wrong - although separate "segments" can be cheaper, etc., and, most importantly, someone to call if things go wrong (as they unfortunately often do in travel), who will have more leverage with the supplier than a mere customer. Of course, there must be good and bad agents, as with all services. Also, agents don't make much money (if any) on air tickets anymore, they rely on hotel and cruise and other ancillary services to make their money (or a service fee).

I've been told that top travel agents are worth their weight in gold (and are paid as such!), the guys working for the Elite travel division make the lives of business and luxury travel a lot better, they know the arcane commands in the mainframe-terminal GDSs by heart and can do permutations that are simply not allowed in most web interfaces.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mikeash on Tuesday April 18, 2017 @10:06AM (#14138891)
You're more of an insider than I am, so thanks for the perspective. Stuff like "segments" and help when things go wrong certainly sound compelling.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by nunez on Monday April 17, 2017 @08:02PM (#14135495)
Travel agents these days are only useful if you're planning on doing a very complex trip (international, multiple stops) or if you need to make complicated changes to your itinerary. Most of the data they have is comparable to what's available on ITA.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by rconti on Monday April 17, 2017 @06:05PM (#14134832)
"Basic Economy" is United's new bargain-basement fare class, meant to compete with similar offerings from other airlines. I don't think it even existed a month or two ago, which might be why this ineligibility to choose Economy Plus confusion comes from. At least historically, you could always pay for an Economy Plus seat no matter when or how or where you bought your seat.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by rayiner on Monday April 17, 2017 @03:55PM (#14133903)
I don't get your complaint. Pretty much every domestic airline I've flown in the last few years has Economy Plus or something similar, which is an economy seat with extra leg room. You just select it at check-in and pay $30-$75. What's so hard about that?
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by TheGRS on Monday April 17, 2017 @01:39PM (#14132844)
There's another wrinkle with buying plane tickets: they fluctuate, seemingly at random, on a daily basis. Apparently its now better to call up the airline directly than to buy online because the prices are so unpredictable. I'll watch a flight on Google Flights oftentimes and watch as it goes up $100 one day, down $200 another day. It makes shopping between carriers very difficult.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by akinalci on Monday April 17, 2017 @02:01PM (#14133025)
How does buying over the phone avoid fluctuating ticket prices? Do the ticket prices not fluctuate if you call? Are they lower than online?
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by TheGRS on Monday April 17, 2017 @03:09PM (#14133574)
You probably won't avoid the fluctuating entirely, but the airline rep apparently will be more willing to cut you a good deal over the phone, versus the robot on Kayak or Priceline. Insofar as you can probably get the true value of the ticket over the phone rather than waiting out the automated prices on these sites. Its kind of strange if you ask me, but this is more of a new trend to get people to shy away from deal sites.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by _acme on Monday April 17, 2017 @07:06PM (#14135196)
None of this is accurate. Airlines reps have the same information as you get on the website, and airlines usually charge an extra fee for booking via phone.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by Paul-ish on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:01PM (#14134396)
I said this elsewhere, but I wonder if offering better economy seats would reduce peoples motivation to buy expensive first class tickets.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mikeash on Monday April 17, 2017 @01:08PM (#14132569)
What would you want that would be beyond the premium for a nicer seat, but less than business class?
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by rconti on Monday April 17, 2017 @12:44PM (#14132350)
The irony of the last line is, if the airline DIDN'T jack up the fares just before the flight sold out, it would be even more oversold than the airline that jacks up prices but fails to sell those last couple of seats at high cost. In fact, that high price is one way they keep a flight from being overbooked (or TOO overbooked). (though, on further reflection, if they overbook 5 seats on extremely expensive fares, then 'bump' the lowest-utility (==poorest) passengers for $200 in flight credit, they've managed to raise the fare for already-paid-for-seats)
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mikeash on Monday April 17, 2017 @12:52PM (#14132424)
Regarding your parenthetical, if the bumping is voluntary then, at least in theory, everyone comes out ahead. The airline makes more money, the person in a hurry who is willing to pay more money gets to his destination more quickly, and the person who isn't in much of a hurry gets to pay even less for their flight than they originally thought. It's like an auction for the seat after the fact.

Of course, this is only a good thing if the airlines are transparent about it, and offer enough compensation to bumped passengers for them to take it voluntarily.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by gist on Monday April 17, 2017 @02:31PM (#14133251)
> What planet is this guy from? Of course it makes sense to charge high fares for a scarce product in high demand, and low fares for an abundant product in low demand.

Agree. Not to mention spoken by a person who almost certainly has never run a business. And make no mistake 'charging high fares' when you can allows you to lower the price of other seats and fees. Eliminate that excess profit and it will be made up somewhere else in the pricing scheme. No different than concerts or alcohol or premium water in restaurants.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mayneack on Monday April 17, 2017 @03:36PM (#14133763)
Some airline shenanigans still demonstrate contradictory incentives.

On each of the ~20 jetblue flights I've been on in the last few years. They ask for volunteers to gate check carry on bags to the final destination for free because there isn't enough overhead space. But they're the ones that force us to try to get into a carry on by charging for normally checked bags. I've tried asking outside security if I can check my carry on since I'll eventually be asked to voluntarily gate check it, and they don't let me. Instead we make boarding this competitive experience that takes longer than it needs to as passengers fight for overhead bin space.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mikeash on Monday April 17, 2017 @04:04PM (#14133955)
That sounds like good old-fashioned market segmentation to me. People who aren't price sensitive will pay to check their bags. People who would rather save their money and have more hassle will cart it through security and then gate check it when the bins fill up.

I am puzzled by the various choices that airlines make that seem to dramatically increase their aircraft's turnaround time at the gate. I can only assume that either it doesn't do as much harm as it seems to, or short turnaround isn't as valuable as I think it is.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by cardiffspaceman on Monday April 17, 2017 @05:21PM (#14134517)
The TSA restrictions on carry-on luggage caused me to quit checking my main bag even though I use a bag that is designed for the typical domestic overhead bin.

Relevant to what seems to be your local optimization, if you are trying to get your bag checked for free, you are combining all the possible inconveniences: carry the bag to the gate, have its contents qualify as carry-on contents, and wait for it at the carousel when you land.

It does seem like a better idea to waive the fee at times, in order to streamline operations. But I pay the fee 24 hours in advance (when online checkin opens). How would they implement a waiver fairly?

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by lutorm on Monday April 17, 2017 @07:13PM (#14135231)
Partially, I agree. But the current way of selling airline tickets also push price as the variable to base your choice on. Travel time is maybe a distant second. (I often buy the not-cheapest ticket to get a better routing, a 10% premium often gets you a significantly shorter trip if we're talking e.g. Hawaii to Europe.)

These are all very easily quantifiable variables. Maybe you can find out how on-time that flight normally is. You have to do a lot of research to figure out how much legroom you'll have on a specific flight. And knowing what your risk of getting denied boarding is almost impossible, so I'd argue that is in fact not priced into the current model.

Right now it's also not possible to choose based on these variables since the choice of airline is so strongly correlated with travel time, unless you are travelling between one airline's hub and another's.

Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by mikeash on Monday April 17, 2017 @07:23PM (#14135302)
I'm pretty sure that the current way of selling things is because that what people want, rather than the other way around. This race to the bottom was in full force long before people routinely purchased tickets online.
Re:How the Airlines Became Cartels by zippergz on Monday April 17, 2017 @06:12PM (#14134882)
Some people who fly for business are FORCED to choose the cheapest option (sometimes cheapest "logical" option, but the definition of "logical" is about no ridiculous routing, not legroom or seat comfort). The classic disconnect between the buyer (my company) and the user (me)...