Stack Overflow was outside of the Cloudflare network for years, and anti-abuse was maybe 3 or 4 full-time jobs – much of which still needs to be done, because Cloudflare's anti-bot protection hasn't actually stopped it. Most UGC sites are not as big as Stack Overflow was at its peak.

errr... so anything related to UGC now has a lower bound of 3-4 FTE? Sure, I'll hire a team of content moderators next time I think about putting a comment form under my blog...

Please read their last sentence again and think about how much it understates the difference between stack overflow in its prime and a normal website. Also the "much of which still needs to be done".

Yes? Cloudflare doesn't replace moderators. At all. It only allegedly filters bot generated content, it doesn't filter user generated content and doesn't even intend to.

Most UGC sites also don't have a horde of volunteer mods voting to close/delete things.

I'm referring specifically to the activities of Charcoal (https://charcoal-se.org/) and their Stack Exchange staff counterparts, taken together. This is about large-scale platform abuse, of the sort that Cloudflare is alleged to prevent (but doesn't, really), not the more mundane (and laborious) task of manual quality control.