I really love the concept. This isn't just differentiable neurosymbolic declarative probabilistic programming; Scallop has the flexibility of letting you use various (18 included) or custom provenance semirings to e.g. track "proofs" why a relational fact holds, not just assign it a probability. Sounds cool but I'm still trying to figure out the practicality.

Also worth pointing out that it seems that a lot of serious engineering work has been done on Scallop. It has an interpreter and a JIT compiler down to Rust compiled and dynamically loaded as a Python module.

Because a Scallop program (can be) differentiable it can be used anywhere in an end-to-end learning system, it doesn't have to take input data from a NN and produce your final outputs, as in all the examples they give (as far as I can see). For example you probably could create a hybrid transformer which runs some Scallop code in an internal layer, reading/writing to the residual stream. A simpler/more realistic example is to compute features fed into a NN e.g. an agent's policy function.

The limitation of Scallop is that the programs themselves are human-coded, not learnt, although they can implement interpreters/evaluators (e.g. the example of evaluating expressions).