Because "you" in this case is typically a game studio. "Solving your own problem" means shipping your game.
Virtually everyone modifies Unreal C++ code. Some indie projects are blueprint only. But modifying the engine C++ source code is practically an expectation.
Can those source code modifications be easily shared with other developers? Well they can't be publicly dumped on GitHub. Can they be shipped to consume in a compiled binary? Absolutely.
They have a marketplace for selling or sharing stuff like that. If it's a huge chunk of code that's mostly original Unreal code, there are probably some license issues (I have no idea) with just sticking it in your github, but I actually have seen stuff like that on github, so, maybe not.
Being a fork it will only be available to other people in the Epic Games github org which is only people who have agreed to Epic's licensing terms, and your modified engine remains under that same license.