Another argument for shorters lines is that it is much harder for us to read any text when lines get too long. There's a reason why we read and write documents in portrait mode, not landscape.
But in sum, I don't think there's a need for creating a hard limit at the 80 character mark. Most code is not indented more than three or four times anyways, and most if not all languages allow you to insert newlines to make long expressions wrap. However, if you occasionally do need to go longer, I think that's completely fine and certainly better than having to bend around an arcane character limit.
The 80 char rule has little to do with old monitors. Has to do with ergonomics, and is why any good edited and typeset book will have between 60 and 80 characters per line.
While I understand that this is an anecdotal preference, to me it doesn’t feel like the 80 column standard fits any modern dev workspace perfectly, tbh. (By modern I don’t mean “shiny”, just what we have now in hw/sw.)
But then again, of course there is a reason why terminals (or punchcards) were made that way - presumably because of reading / writing ergonomics (besides technical reasons).
They are talking about URLs in comments.
For example Java often prefers long explicitly verbose names for class, fields, methods, variables.
Another approach is to use short names as much as possible. `mkdir` instead of `create_directory`, `i` instead of `person_index` and so on.
I think that max line length greatly depends on the chosen identifier naming style. So it makes sense to use 100 or 120 for Java and it makes sense to use 72 for Golang.
C code often use short naming style, so 72 or 80 should be fine.
For mkdir all-in, meh. It’s okay for mkdirp or rimraf, cause these basically became new words. But once you add more libs or code to a project it becomes a cryptic mess of six-letter nonsense. English code reads best, Java just overdoes it by adding patterns into the mix.
Local variables sure, be short and terse. But that's common in most languages.
Try pasting a long URL into a comment describing a method/problem/solution and you’ll see immediately that it doesn’t fit 77 chars and you cannot wrap it. Then due to your hard limit you’ll invent something like “// see explained.txt:123 for explanation” or maybe “https://shrt.url/f0ob4r” it.
There’s nothing wrong with breaking limits if you do that reasonably, cause most limits have edge cases. It’s (Rule -> Goal X) most of the times, but sometimes it’s (Rule -> Issue). Make it (Solution (breaks Rule) -> Goal X), not (Solution (obeys Rule) -> not (Goal X)).