There's certainly some people who're troubled with this problem https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstellar_travel#Wait_cal...

https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/LightspeedLeapfr...

Thanks for this. I’ve been thinking about “lightspeed leapfrog” for many years but never searched it up!

But maybe we can only build this new probe that will outpace it with information with gathered from the original probe.

Very long distance spaceflight like this is still basically only power d by gravity slingshot maneuvers where we steal an infinitesimal amount of inertia from planets to give a spacecraft some velocity. Voyager was launched during pretty favorable gravitational assist conditions, so unless we dramatically improve delta v and isp in the spacecraft or get a better configuration, probably not.