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Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by PaulHoule on Sunday July 30, 2023 @09:15AM (#36930869)
There is some chance (betting markets say maybe 70%) that it is bogus. You’d think a lack of replication would kill it right away but look at how there are still believers in cold fusion today.

In a few weeks there will be serious attempts at replication and probably some consensus in a few months.

They are reporting a material which does not have high performance in terms of maximum current, those samples aren’t going to outperform traditional conductors. Somebody might figure out how to make higher quality crystals, there may be enough details that you’d need to license several patents to make something useful.

Liquid nitrogen superconductors were discovered in 1986 but were very slow to find applications. Liquid nitrogen is easy to handle (we could demonstrate magnetic levitation in our high school physics lab) and nitrogen is an abundant element (most of the atmosphere) compared to helium which is common in the universe but rare in Earth. People thought it would be a revolution but it wasn’t. There are practical applications of them but when they build new power lines they almost always use ordinary metals.

Now it could be the other way around, the effect is real, people are able to make a high performing material at an affordable price, people solve all the practical problems, etc. Or it could be this round of materials is “close but no cigar” but in 10 years there is a real breakthrough. We don’t know at this point.

Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by ncallaway on Sunday July 30, 2023 @09:49AM (#36931130)
If people manage to do this part:

> people are able to make a high performing material at an affordable price, people solve all the practical problems,

What are the implications of that? What are the effects? How does that change my life? How does it change society?

Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by PaulHoule on Sunday July 30, 2023 @10:09AM (#36931272)
Maybe we can build longer-range power lines that are cheaper. Buckminister Fuller thought we could use semiconductors to build a global power grid which could move energy from renewables all over the Earth. (Buzzkill: you still need to build a right-of-way for power lines and will have problems permitting. Europe has dreamed a long time of getting renewables from North Africa but Africans could well cry imperialism.)

Better particle accelerators, MRI machines, fusion reactors. (If we can greatly strengthen the magnetic field the reactor gets smaller are more economical.)

Better magnetic field sensors

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQUID

Possibly better logic gates post-Silicon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephson_effect

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_single_flux_quantum

Better magnetic levitation rail

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maglev

When I think of all those things I think the RSFQ logic gates are most likely to be revolutionary.

Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by weard_beard on Sunday July 30, 2023 @10:04AM (#36931240)
Cheap 100% efficient batteries.
Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by PaulHoule on Sunday July 30, 2023 @10:18AM (#36931366)
Like storing energy in a magnetic field?
Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by proto_lambda on Sunday July 30, 2023 @10:04AM (#36931230)
The setup was "Suppose room temperature superconductor technology is validated and replicated", so most of your comment is irrelevant to the question asked.
Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by PaulHoule on Sunday July 30, 2023 @10:25AM (#36931426)
Yes and no. The courage superconductors were verified right away but didn’t perform well enough in practice to be world changing. If the new ones are real but have a low critical current density, for instance, they’ll matter very little. If the new ones are real but can’t have very small structures fabricated out of them they won’t be good for logic gates.
Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by littlestymaar on Sunday July 30, 2023 @10:43AM (#36931637)
> The courage superconductors

For anyone else reading this, there's an autocorrect mishaps here: it's supposed to be “cuprate superconductors”.

Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by PaulHoule on Sunday July 30, 2023 @10:54AM (#36931748)
fixed. I love my iPad and then I don't.
Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by out_of_protocol on Sunday July 30, 2023 @10:09AM (#36931278)
The question still stands. Looks like material itself is cheap and can't handle a lot of current.

* You can make charger cables out of it but it will make no practical difference, actually marking things worse due to subpar mechanical aspects.

* In-device interconnects, motherboard-level - maybe. Tiny bump in efficiency.

* CPUs etc - highly unlikely, we are talking dozens-atoms-level stuff, going to be really hard to replicate superconductor properties AND the usual semiconductor stuff

* Networking - this one could be great. No signal repeaters, faster (optical cables are slow due to weird curved path light takes).

Out if ideas. Anything else? Hi-power applications are more straightforward - better electric engines, etc. World-changing power transmission stuff...

P.S. Cold Fusion exists, just not practical atm https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muon-catalyzed_fusion

Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by JohnBooty on Sunday July 30, 2023 @11:24AM (#36932155)

    CPUs etc - highly unlikely, we are talking dozens-atoms-level 
    stuff, going to be really hard to replicate superconductor 
    properties AND the usual semiconductor stuff
Possibly moronic question:

Maybe a RTSC based chip doesnt need to compete with modern chips in terms of process size or complexity

What if you could just make an RTSC based chip with complexity and process size comparable to e.g. a 1993 era 80386 but it runs at 500ghz or something

(You'd need memory, or at least a cache, that could keep up I guess)

Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by PaulHoule on Sunday July 30, 2023 @11:41AM (#36932376)
Already it ought to be possible to clock an indium phosphide cpu to 50 GHz or beyond and there was an SBIR awarded to make one back in the 1990s. Memory is a problem though, particular the whole system has to be small since it already takes a nanosecond for light to travel one meter.

Note silicon (probably any semiconductor) is about to hit the wall in terms of feature size. An obvious answer is to stack logic elements in top of each other but it is already difficult to extract heat from 2-d silicon chips. If superconducting gates really use 1000 times less power that stacking might be possible.

Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by out_of_protocol on Sunday July 30, 2023 @01:24PM (#36933589)
"superconducting" obviously different from "semiconductor". Fat chance combining these. Maybe in the future, that's going to be separate instant Nobel prize, on top of the one we're talking about now
Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by mikewarot on Sunday July 30, 2023 @03:10PM (#36934818)
They combine those in quantum computers all the time. You'd be able to do it without liquid helium if this works out.

Personally, I want to own a SQUID[1] or two for some experiments, which is otherwise FAR outside my budget. They've been made with HTS, I see no reason why they couldn't be made with this.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQUID

Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by out_of_protocol on Sunday July 30, 2023 @06:32PM (#36936677)
In quantum computers we are talking double digits cubits. In regular computing, we do store and process billions snd billions bits. Regular 1TB microSD is 10^13 bits or so, regular CPU contains a dozen or two of billions of transistors. So, clearly, it doesn't work same way
Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by mikewarot on Sunday July 30, 2023 @07:16PM (#36937015)
Take a look at the DWave computers, they use the same processes for silicon and superconductors in one big wafer.

The chemistry and processes can be made to be compatible.

So, in theory you could assemble a device with multiple SQUIDs on it, sampling the A field[1] in 3 dimensions, instead of the B field (the Curl of the A field) that is usually measured, just for one instance.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_vector_potential

Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by out_of_protocol on Monday July 31, 2023 @03:37AM (#36939739)
measurement parts and computation parts can be on the same wafer but they are separate beings. in regular CPU you don't need measurement part, mostly. Transistors work precisely because they are made of semiconductors - due to some quantum mechanisms like https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Band_gap And transistors is where you loose most of energy. You can make capacitors out of superconducting material, and it could work out somehow for memory elements (at this moment these are made from transistors as well)
Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by dontwearitout on Sunday July 30, 2023 @10:17AM (#36931348)
On the topic of cold fusion, it's being rebranded as Low Energy Nuclear Reactions and is seeing a resurgence in research. We know catalyzed fusion is possible (see Muon catalyzed fusion) and quantum phenomenon in complex crystalline structures is very poorly understood at best - as highlighted by superconductivity. We know nuclear processes can be influenced by solid state structure in rare cases, and don't know the limits of this. I'm not going to claim it's viable as an energy source, but it's exciting when we encounter physics we don't fully understand. Check out https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbzcYQVrTxQ for a great summary of this controversial field.
Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by PaulHoule on Sunday July 30, 2023 @11:46AM (#36932433)
The department of defense says it is off the bottom of the technology readiness level scale:

https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/FOID/Reading%20...

Rebranding is often a bad smell, such as “Facebook” to “Meta” or “Twitter” to “X”.

Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by robin_reala on Sunday July 30, 2023 @10:44AM (#36931647)
The biggest place I’ve heard of a practical application for liquid-nitrogen temperature superconductors is wind turbine generators. The bigger in power output the turbines get, the more price competitive superconductors become.
Re:Ask HN: Room temperature superconductor: what to expect? by PaulHoule on Sunday July 30, 2023 @11:36AM (#36932307)
For the generator windings?