There are many ways. The most common are: If the users tell you they're from North Korea, you can tell that they're from North Korea. Also, if they connect from a North Korean IP, you can tell that they're from North Korea.
> And what sensitive information could they access? It’s defacto public.
The request likely had nothing to do with "sensitive information", but instead, sanctions.
International sanctions laws are pure and utter madness, with extremely high stakes if the government changes its course on selective enforcement, so everyone is "playing it safe" rather than "doing what makes sense and question outright bullshit".
[1] https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/17/j/a-closer-look...
Usually, that's court cases and resulting case law, as well as executive fines... which means there is an insane amount of risk attached to everything related to sanctions, and additionally enforcement may vary between different governments.
Either way, your company is required to follow the law regardless of your opinion on it.
What's wrong with that?