I grew up in the same era... and the solution to that was easy: my parents told me to go outside and play.
In 2021, their phone goes with them everywhere, and if it doesn't one of their friend's phones does. There's almost no way, short of helicopter parenting 24/7, that you can insulate your children from Tik Tok, and I'd argue it is far, far, far more harmful than TV. Random kids at school didn't attack me for the TV shows I watched privately in my own home in high school.
And phones are hardly the worst thing friends can get your kid into... I remember the main concern being alcohol or drugs, which I think have since declined (at least among youth).
I have to say I am not familiar with the attacks based on browsing history you speak of though. How/why does this happen? Are you forced to make it public?
I don’t use TikTok, but I’ve heard anecdotes from users that it’s currently the least-terrible of the social media services, and this doesn’t sound totally implausible to me, given what the competition is.
It seems more productive to focus on the enriching activities that we want more of rather than trying eliminate distracting ones - there are so many of those it’s easy to imagine one distraction just being replaced with another.