Fundamentally, it's not the files that make filesystem great. You could devise different models, perhaps a relational one, and paper complexity over with well-designed UIs. They'd probably still be more complex than the filesystem - files are about the simplest data storage abstraction you can invent[0] - but they'd be serviceable, and users would learn.
What makes the filesystem great is that it's an old abstraction, designed in the ancient days back when computing was still about enabling users. Bicycles for the mind and all that. People cared about making things useful to users, instead of just shamelessly exploiting them. So, designed back then, the filesystem grants users the vocabulary to manage their data and freedom to do so, and it's so ingrained that - despite their best efforts - companies weren't able to completely take it away.
Filesystem persists for the same reason e-mail persists. Despite its warts, it's one of those technologies made before the computing industry became exploitative.
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[0] - Despite the frequent claims to the contrary, coming from the web and mobile world. But guess what, data magically held in app and "shared" by magic isn't easier to understand, it's just not understood at all - users have no mental model for this. The mobile app approach works only because it removed all data management features except the share button.
A database is hardly if not accessible to the user. The files are an abstraction that enables the user to owns its data. Once you have a file, you can do more than opening it in your app. You can store it wherever you want, edit it with any software you wish, arrange it the way you are confortable with.
As a user, you can’t do that with your SaaS database, you must rely on the « export / share » function of your SaaS provider, hoping it will export all data, in a readable format and that the import function exists and is reliable. You don’t own anything and as soon as you stop paying your subscription, you are stuck with nothing.
The file system won't save you there.
And I prefer a "95%" correct DOCX or PSD that I can recover and rework if needed than a "0% this App is not available in the WhateverStore anymore".
Try to load a current ML model 20 years from now. Probably tied to proprietary software and if you're unlucky also hardware (like CUDA)
A filesystem is a database.