The biggest problem with C++ in industry is that people tend to write "C/C++" when it deserves to be recognized as a language in its own right.
Apparently the first year students at my university didn't had any issue going from Standard Pascal to C++, in the mid-90's.
Proper C++ was taught using our string, vector and collection classes, given that we were still a couple of years away from ISO C++ being fully defined.
C style programming with low level tricks were only introduced later as advanced topics.
Apparently thousands of students managed to get going the remaining 5 years of the degree.
Just like no Python newbie is able to master Python 3.9 full language set, standard library, numpy, pandas, django,...
The only subjects that went full into Java were distributed computing and compiler design.
And during the last 20 years they already went back into their decision.
I should note that languages like Prolog, ML and Smalltalk were part of the learning subjects as well.
Assembly was part of electronic subjects where design of a pseudo CPU was also part of the themes. So we had our own pseudo Assembly, x86 and MIPS.
Where ? I learned algorithms in C and C++ (and also a bit in Caml and LISP) and I was in university 2011-2014