Shockingly with the M1 Apple's battery life claims were quite conservative. I have been able to get an hour longer than Apple's claims without having to resort to any extreme measures.
I bought my daughter an M1 Air for Christmas, she is a university student that mostly does written work in Word, research (so mostly web and PDF stuff) and obviously video conferences right now. She has no trouble getting 13-15 hours of uni work done (a little less if a lot of video calls).
Compared to the 2018 Air it replaced she says it is "insane". Although battery life is great it isn't a huge deal for her. The thing she loves the most is no fan noise when on video calls. This was actually the reason I bought it for her as she constantly complained about how loud the old Air was as soon as Zoom started up.
You got all the virtualization and all the emulation.
On Windows side... uhh I am not sure what is Docker using, if WSL or WSL2, or something else. But will probably be better for that usage.
I use VMware Fusion a lot on my Intel MBP but haven't had a look at virtualisation on the M1 just yet. Waiting for it to mature a little more.
Hopefully things improve as Apple Silicon becomes better supported over the next few months.
I'd strongly recommend resetting the system, and perhaps getting a warranty replacement if you continue to experience poor battery life with email, chat, couple browser tabs. That absolutely should not be happening.