Here's a page with data about the Deep Space Network:

https://mars.nasa.gov/msl/mission/communications/#data

"The data rate direct-to-Earth [from Mars] varies from about 500 bits per second to 32,000 bits per second"

Clarification, that is for the old Curiosity rover. The page for Perseverance has some additional information

> 160/500 bits per second or faster to/from the Deep Space Network's 112-foot-diameter (34-meter-diameter) antennas or at 800/3000 bits per second or faster to/from the Deep Space Network's 230-foot-diameter (70 meter-diameter)

for high-gain antenna, and

> Approximately 10 bits per second or faster from the Deep Space Network's 112-foot-diameter (34-meter-diameter) antennas or approximately 30 bits per second or faster from the Deep Space Network's 230-foot-diameter (70-meter-diameter) antenna

for the low-gain antenna, which I believe the first two images were sent through

https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/spacecraft/rover/communicatio...

Maybe it was the low gain antenna but via MRO or other orbiter? 30 bits per second seems like a bit too slow to get even the two small images back so quickly.

That's rover directly to earth, when reconnaissance orbiter is used to relay it's around 2 mbit to orbiter.