HOSTS files may also be simplest (I totally disagree btw), but I can't imagine they're anywhere near the most common.
That's exactly how DoH is being implemented, and it's why it has caused so much controversy.
That is correct, the IPv6 probes are embedded in the Chromium source, and are removed by the Ungoogled Chromium and/or Inox patchset [1].
[1] https://github.com/Eloston/ungoogled-chromium/tree/master/pa...
That's also a major difference to Ungoogled Chromium, where UC will request "https://..." by default if you just enter the domain.
So in the case of Enterprise Proxies that have no locally force-installed cert to sniff on internet traffic will likely end up with HTTP-everywhere being used. But usually employers that encourage such bad practices also install their snakeoil MITM certificates locally.
Ad blocking extensions are really a "last defense" and can be slowly lobotomised as they are under browser vendors' control.