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Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by MrTonyD on Thursday November 26, 2015 @06:25PM (#10635179)
Well, my wife works for Martinelli's - and it definitely doesn't take 2+ apples to make a cup of apple juice. (I'm not saying that apple juice should be your first choice.) They also carefully monitor "brix", which is the amount of sugar in their juice. They have acceptable targets for that as well as other measures (including John Martinelli tasting the product almost daily.)

Personally, I use my Vitamix to make my own "apple juice smoothy" and routinely ferment fruit for the probiotics. But I'm skeptical about the "juice is bad" meme.

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by icanhackit on Thursday November 26, 2015 @07:35PM (#10635329)
But I'm skeptical about the "juice is bad" meme.

It is and for a simple reason that we've known about for a long time: glycaemic index. If the sugars (fructose) are locked in a matrix of cellulose (AKA dietary fibre) they're released gradually as your body digests the bulk matter. If you plot the blood sugar concentration of the person consuming a solid piece of fruit you see a nice curve where the levels rise, peak, and non-violently fall.

Now when you process the fruit you're effectively pre-digesting it - the sugars are free of the cellulose matrix (the bulk of the fruit) and when you plot the blood sugar concentration after consumption of juice, because no work needs to be done to digest it, the blood sugar level quickly spikes. This provides a rush, then your insulin response peaks, sending your blood sugar levels crashing. This happens much faster than the curve in blood sugar from eating unprocessed fruit.

The only argument I'll accept from people who drink juice: They like it. That's OK. You're allowed to like things. I like beer, which acts similarly to juice with regards to blood sugar concentration.

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by dcosson on Thursday November 26, 2015 @11:29PM (#10635855)
As I understand it, the process you describe is true of glucose but actually not fructose. Glucose gets absorbed into your blood, causes your pancreas to start releasing more insulin into the blood, which causes basically all the cells in your body to start absorbing glucose.

Fructose on the other hand can only be processed by your liver, so all the fructose you eat just kind of queues up for your liver to process it. It doesn't cause you to release insulin so it has a low glycemic index. Your liver can convert fructose to glycogen and then to glucose to feed your cells if you don't eat any carbs or glucose. But if you already have more than enough carbs/glucose, your liver instead converts the fructose to fat and stores it. This can lead to fatty liver and somewhat interestingly can also lead to insulin resistance which then makes you worse at processing glucose. Alcohol also gets processed exclusively in your liver and can cause fatty liver, so it is true that juice and beer can do a similar kind of damage.

Anyway, on the bigger point I 100% agree that juice is bad for you. It's sad to see it so often touted as healthy.

EDIT: One thing I do wonder about, people always point to fiber as a reason why fruit is ok but fruit juice isn't. It seems like it would be a lot easier to get people to start taking fiber supplements than to stop eating sugar, so why don't we ever hear that advice?

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by icanhackit on Thursday November 26, 2015 @11:42PM (#10635882)
Fructose on the other hand can only be processed by your liver

You're correct and my original post is incorrect with regards to fructose. Thanks for pointing this out - it's better to be wrong but enlightened.

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by stretchwithme on Friday November 27, 2015 @12:17AM (#10635965)
And that makes you're both right now!

Lustig goes through all the processes here:

  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBnniua6-oM
Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by tripzilch on Friday November 27, 2015 @09:08AM (#10637341)
But the sugars in fruit are not all fructose, right? It's a mixture of a bunch of different kinds of sugar molecules. I'm not sure what the exact ratio is, afaik in apple and orange juice the sugars are at least 50% glucose--but I'm not sure where I read that and it might be way off.

Either way, apple juice and orange juice have about 10-12g carbs per 100g (according to the packaging, in NL). Coca Cola has (not sure) I think, about 11g/100g? So I treat it about the same and drink it rarely.

The only difference is, you can mix up most types of juice 50/50 with tap water and it'll taste good (and if you're thirsty, actually better IMO). Try that with Coca Cola and ... nope :)

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by will_pseudonym on Thursday November 26, 2015 @11:28PM (#10635852)
I've never understood the glycemic index stuff. It didn't seem to fit my experience. I just researched this, and I came upon this article: http://www.foodrenegade.com/glycemic-index-vs-glycemic-load/

I had never heard of glycemic load before today, and I'm always reading articles about nutrition science. It seems like fruit and veg have relatively high glycemic indices, but low glycemic load--which means that they're fine, which makes sense. Who here can imagine a doctor telling anyone on earth not to eat more carrots?

EDIT: I also found this article: http://www.calorieking.com/learnabouts/The-Glycemic-Index-Th... which had this quote: The glycemic load (GL) goes a step further than the GI by taking into account the amount of carbohydrate in a food. A weak point of the GI is that it fails to do this.

For example, carrots have a high GI of 47, but you have to eat a pound and a half of them for there to be a steep rise in blood sugar.

This completely meshes with my experience.

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by molecule on Friday November 27, 2015 @12:33AM (#10636013)
> Who here can imagine a doctor telling anyone on earth not to eat more carrots?

Completely tangential, but I can imagine doctors treating patients complaining of Carotenosis:

Carotenemia or carotenaemia (xanthaemia) is the presence of the orange pigment carotene in blood from excessive intake of carrots or other vegetables containing the pigment resulting in increased serum carotenoids. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotenosis

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by 001sky on Friday November 27, 2015 @03:02AM (#10636361)
For example, carrots have a high GI of 47, but you have to eat a pound and a half of them for there to be a steep rise in blood sugar.

carrots are full of water, not to mention roughage, so they don't have high caloric density per unit mass/weight

the glycemic load is precisely articulating the index number adjusted per unit mass to account for stuff like caroots or beets etc.

So basically if you ate de-hydrated fruit or vegetables that will load higher (per unit mass) than stuff full of water...because whater has no cals...so water and starch dilute glycemic index

The glycemic load is calculated by multiplying the glycemic index of a food by the amount of carbs in a 10 gram portion of the food.

In practice, you can dilute glycemic index using fat and protein in addition to water.

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by dcosson on Friday November 27, 2015 @08:34PM (#10639650)
> In practice, you can dilute glycemic index using fat and protein in addition to water.

And people really don't understand this. For instance, you basically can't find full-fat yogurt in an American grocery store. Instead there's 20 kinds of non-fat yogurt packed with sugar, which have a much higher glycemic load than yogurt with the same amount of sugar and fat would. But they're all advertised as being healthy because they're non-fat. It's crazy.

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by wdewind on Thursday November 26, 2015 @10:57PM (#10635776)
> If you plot the blood sugar concentration of the person consuming a solid piece of fruit you see a nice curve where the levels rise, peak, and non-violently fall.

There's nothing wrong with this except that it probably makes you feel more hungry and eat more. But the blood sugar surge isn't really unhealthy in normal people, it's usually the subsequent behavioral impact (the low that makes you feel hungry) that causes the real harm (ie: the total sugar matters more directly than the glycemic index).

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by icanhackit on Thursday November 26, 2015 @11:25PM (#10635847)
There's nothing wrong with this

I agree there's nothing wrong with the part quoted. That's an ideal outcome. And the surge of blood sugar concentration from juice wasn't the part I was concerned about (unless it results in a child going into a hyperactive transdimensional shit-fit). The blood sugar crash is the significant part: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoglycemia#Signs_and_symptom...

Low blood sugar also plays a major part in decision fatigue. Do you make dinner after work or buy something on the way home? Making a healthy dinner is the better decision but right now you want satiety. Do you do the washing or sit in front of the TV? You don't just have decision fatigue, you're out of energy - the real deal.

This is in contrast to a low GI meal where the energy supply is provided over a longer period at a stable rate, providing the stamina to make good decisions and act on them.

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by wdewind on Thursday November 26, 2015 @11:48PM (#10635897)
Yep, totally agree with all this! Just pointing out that the low blood sugar in and of itself is probably not a huge deal from a health perspective, just the bad decision that comes from it.
Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by colechristensen on Thursday November 26, 2015 @07:52PM (#10635376)
>But I'm skeptical about the "juice is bad" meme.

The problem is that people can't separate an unbalanced diet from the foods that are throwing them out of balance.

Juice is fine and great. Getting most of your calories from simple sugars like all too many people do (and like juice provides)is bad. Replacing sodas with fruit juice doesn't do much to make your diet better. You should balance your sugars, fats, and proteins.

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by el_duderino on Thursday November 26, 2015 @06:51PM (#10635241)
Can you ask your wife what the stuff that appears to be floating in my Martinelli apple juice is?

It's a cloud looking like substance in my juice. Does that mean it's been sitting too long? Fermented apple by chance? Smells almost like alcohol when opening it.

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by MrTonyD on Thursday November 26, 2015 @07:11PM (#10635282)
I may know what the cloudy stuff is. First, if the juice is outside the "best buy" date, just throw it away. The "cloudy juice" problem happened when they moved to a new production line in Watsonville. They discovered that as juice aged it got cloudy and then started to grow a "tree looking" like thing inside the bottle. It took them months to figure out that the big warehouse doors where they brought in apples was allowing mold spores to blow into the air and contaminate the juice. You've probably been holding on to that bottle for a while. (Some other brands don't filter their juice, and will appear cloudy.) This isn't a problem that anyone should be seeing anymore. (I should add that many, many bottles were tested and the mold wasn't a harmful mold. Many skeptical customers even arranged their own testing.)
Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by kahseng on Thursday November 26, 2015 @07:28PM (#10635314)
Cool. Reminds me of this mystery fungus from a while ago: http://www.wired.com/2011/05/ff_angelsshare/
Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by el_duderino on Thursday November 26, 2015 @07:27PM (#10635313)
Wow. Interesting and makes plenty of sense. Thank you.

To be specific, I was trying to describe the "tree looking" like thing inside the bottle.

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by eru on Thursday November 26, 2015 @07:22PM (#10635298)
I only ever buy cloudy apple juice. Or is there something else going on in Martinelli?
Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by MrTonyD on Thursday November 26, 2015 @08:01PM (#10635388)
Martinelli's uses a very fine filter for their juice - some juicers don't filter their juice (often because they want it to help define their brand - as unfiltered and natural.) Having heard a lot of stories about food production in general - you should try to choose a manufacturer that you trust. (For any food product, not just apple juice.) There are an incredible number of things which must be monitored and which can (and do) go wrong.
Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by leephillips on Thursday November 26, 2015 @06:31PM (#10635196)
That stuff is delicious. I don't drink fruit juice, but I put Martinelli's in a different category.
Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by tedmiston on Thursday November 26, 2015 @09:27PM (#10635551)
As you should at $25/gallon [1]: 5x the price of Mott's for example.

1: http://store.martinellis.com/products/jaj128.shtml

Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by grovr on Friday November 27, 2015 @04:33AM (#10636624)
With regards to "juice is bad", here is a BMJ article which appears to validate that belief at least with regards to type 2 diabetes: http://www.bmj.com/content/347/bmj.f5001 Specifically: From the conclusion "Greater consumption of specific whole fruits, particularly blueberries, grapes, and apples, is significantly associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, whereas greater consumption of fruit juice is associated with a higher risk."
Re:The Secret Ingredient in Orange Juice by rdtsc on Thursday November 26, 2015 @08:47PM (#10635469)
> But I'm skeptical about the "juice is bad" meme.

Are you skeptical of "sugar is bad" meme? If you are, not sure how sugar disolved in water is a different.