I think the closest I've seen to something like that is https://workflowy.com/ or Emacs' Org mode

My only problem with this type of workflow (and the list workflow also) is that often sibling, parent, and child tasks aren't apparent until you are in the middle of, or complete other tasks. So at most I could get a start on a task list/tree, but it wouldn't come close to reflecting reality until the project is completely done. Also, many sub tasks are easier to just do than to describe, yet they don't group together that well under a general parent task.

Of course if a tool could keep track of changes as the project progresses (along with a change log of reasons for each task add/removal), then it could be a good resource improve your estimation skills.

You might like workflowy (https://workflowy.com/).

There are a lot of tree/subtask todo apps, although I don't know of one exactly like you listed. Perhaps try Nozbe? http://www.nozbe.com/tour/

http://checkvist.com is great for this.

I've been using Checkvist for everything task-wise for years; can't recommend it highly enough. The API is also super easy to use, if you want to integrate it into your dashboard and such.

If you're looking for a desktop application , try Abstractspoon ToDoList : http://www.abstractspoon.com/ .

It's very configurable and works well with Dropbox .

I made a silly thing that sort of does this https://listdoboss.appspot.com/

Not exactly a todo list, but what about Leanspecs? https://www.leanspecs.com

I use Workflowy exactly for this purpose, to reflect in data the mental process I was talking about in the original post.