For used toner/ink cartridges yes, for electric devices in theory yes, in practice not everywhere.

However that doesn't change the disposable garbage thing, I bet most of them land in some African landfill instead of being properly recycled.

Those are mandatory in Germany. Recently-ish they started forcing supermarkets and other large retailers to accept small electronics, but in practice I never managed to do it. You pretty much have to argue with the staff every time.

https://allaboutberlin.com/guides/sorting-trash-in-germany