They don't really like you using that and keep annoying you to stop doing that, but I don't think they'll fully get rid of that - those are filling some accessibility niches as well.

And I have no idea why, but no bank offers photoTAN devices in my country. They seem like an interesting concept, even though I imagine the underlying hardware isn't far from that of a phone, in the end.

Sparkassen: https://www.sparkassen-shop.de/home/shop/tan-generatoren,375...

Previously there were also so called "flicker TAN" approaches: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaktionsnummer#chipTAN_com...

The old, standard RSA number generator token key ring device is not permitted in Europe for authorizing bank actions ?

The requirement is called "dynamic linking" (the 2FA code must be tied to the specific transaction) and the relevant regulation is PSD2.

I only know of a single bank using this.

If it's not Crédit Mutuel then you now know of a second bank using this method.

Meanwhile, the last hope is that people will use more cash (if the digital world is too hostile, oh wait it is!)