I was interested in how this compares in a kind of absolute sense. For comparison, an optimized C hello world program gave these results using `perf` on my Dell XPS 13 laptop:

       0.000636230 seconds time elapsed
       0.000759000 seconds user
       0.000000000 seconds sys

That's 36,800% faster. Hand-written assembly was very slightly slower. Using the standard library for output instead of a syscall brought it down to 20,900% faster.

(Yes I used percentages to underscore how big the difference is. It's 368x and 209x respectively. That's huge.)

Begrudgingly, here are the standard Python numbers:

    real    0m0.019s
    user    0m0.015s
    sys     0m0.004s

About 1230% faster than the sandbox, i.e. 12.3x. About an order of magnitude, which is typical for these kinds of exercises.