The "away from motherboard expansion card slots feature" isn't particularly uncommon on cases. One case that came up with a quick look around is the Phanteks Enthoo Pro 2. [2] I've seen other case manufacturers include this feature, but couldn't be arsed to spend more than a couple of minutes looking around to find more than one example to link to.
Also, there are a few smaller companies out there that make adapters [3] that will screw into a 140mm fan mounting hole and serve as an "away from motherboard" mounting bracket. You would need to remove any grilles from the mounting hole to make use of this for a graphics card.
[0] https://www.newegg.com/athena-power-8-extension-cable-black/...
[1] https://www.newegg.com/Athena-Power/BrandStore/ID-1849
[2] https://phanteks.com/product/enthoo-pro-2-tg
[3] Really, they're usually just machined metal rectangular donuts... calling them "adapters" makes them sound fancier than they are.
I have no experience with PCI-E 5 cables, but I've a PCI-E 4 riser cable from Athena Power that works just fine (and that you can buy right now on Newegg). It doesn't have any special locking mechanism, so I was concerned that it would work its way off of the card or out of the mobo slot... but it has been in place for years now with no problem.