Not entirely. She used almost 1,000 fake loan applications to to appropriate the $12.5b from the bank. Then 3 employees at the bank committed suicide from October 6th-14th in 2022 which resulted in a bank run.

There are 82 other defendents, many of them being leadership at the bank, with 5 of them in hiding.

There is some efficiency loss: capital was deployed less efficiently than it would have otherwise been, and that costs money, which means it costs lives.

Depending on the particularities of the corruption/fraud, that could be in the millions, could be in the billions. So anywhere from one human life to thousands. It's just diffuse, so we can't pinpoint a particular person who died due to it, just society at large.

(Not saying I support the death penalty for this.)

> Where does the net harm come in here?

The harm comes from the possible worlds where the loans don't get paid back. That's the reason why there are loan limits in the first place.

Also if banks are loaning money to her, that's money that's not being loaned to other people.