I heard about a test someone did, after wondering how their dog was always standing in the window at the end of each workday, anticipating their owners arrival home. After casting about, a theory was developed that the dog "smelled time". That is, as the day wore on, the scent of their owner, decreased in the air; at a low-enough concentration, the dog knew it was about time for the front door to open and their owner to arrive home.

To prove the theory, someone went to the owner's work at noon-time, and gave him a new shirt, collecting the one he'd been wearing for half a day. They took that worn shirt, and swirled it through the air back at the house; recharging the owner's scent in the air. The dog was asleep and away from the front door, and surprised when its owner arrived home at the normal time.

Certainly interesting enough to do another test, but instead without another human entering the house.

Maybe a sealed box that opens to vent the scent. You'd need to have the same box do the same, with no scent too.

My parents dog knows where she is going in the car. On the way to the beach where she goes for her runs there are 3 rumble strips on the road, she always starts getting excited as soon as the car goes over them. Even though she's probably still 6-8 miles from beach!

They also take her to a local pub that is dog friendly and she has friends there. She knows when she is going there as she starts getting excited when the car turns right at a certain roundabout. Go left or straight on, nothing, but turn right and she's right up all excited!

My dog is like this. She knows (without looking out the window) when we are close to home or some other exciting places, and I can only imagine that she has memorized the turns we take to get to those destinations. It blows my mind because there are no obvious indications, and I highly doubt I would pick up on them if blindfolded in the car.

EVs have a high pitched whine and our dog can hear the car from a long way out.

Our last cat did this, too (though in our case the car was a Mazda 3). It took me a while to realize what was going on.

Oh yeah, had some dogs like that when I was a teenager. They could recognize my Firebird from a few blocks away. :-)

Yep, mine does too. Their hearing is amazing.