Doesn't have a name, but a mix of battle royale, among us, and Oregon trail.

If I had to call it something, perhaps...

Civil Royale

Treaty Jam

Governot

Pavillion Shorts

Rotator Commandant

I dunno, something to that effect.

It's closest to a "hidden role" game, like werewolf or Town of Salem.

There's a general task that everyone (often even called a "crew" in space based flavors) has to complete to win, but there are people who are essentially secret saboteurs who are trying to complete a different objective that often explicitly causes the rest of the players to lose.

Look up Secret Hitler, which explicitly has you voting for government leader, different factions, and voting for which actions to take as a government. Your goal as the crew is to vote for democracy or uncover hitler, and your goal as hitler or a facist is to do facism.