The problem is, while that works out on highways and other federally owned road, the distribution on state or county/city level is almost impossible. Say you have a trucking company doing regional service and one doing interstate transport - both their fleets will have similar driven miles because economically, companies want their many-hundred-thousand-dollar assets to be on the road as long as traffic safety laws allow. Now, assuming they both pay the same mile tax to the state... the state makes an insane profit on the interstate trucking company given that only a low percentage of the miles driven were happening on that state's roads, with the clear majority being on federal highways and other states' roads.
Roads are a public good.
Having a road available to use, is worth almost as much as actually using it.
Not to mention all the positive externalities of a better connected country (more trade, business, economic growth).
The positive externalities created by trucks shipping food into cities massively outweigh almost all passenger traffic.
So charging by weight/road damage makes no sense.
You're costing X times more to the system because you're diabetic/obese/predisposed ? You should pay more!
That's how it sounds, and if we want to live like that we can go back to cavemen times, because we didn't built societies to play this silly game
I think it even makes sense for semis, the cost may go up for goods slightly as they pass that cost onto customers, but we'd be paying less in federal taxes for roads, less in property taxes for roads, and if you drive less (good for health, environment, etc) you'll likely be saving money. It also more accurately taxes EVs with ICEs based on road wear and tear instead of all these haphazard ideas.