I lived in Switzerland (Lausanne) and it was similar. There was basically no free street parking, so you couldn’t really own a car without a place to park it.

Paid street parking is everywhere in European cities. But you're not banned from owning a car without a designated space.

Tokyo is dense, but it's not relevant because it's absolutely huge, and you still need to get around. The subway system is amazing.

In my opinion, if people care about the environment, it needs to be bikes, and delivery / utility vehicles only. Everyone else should be on public transit.

Tokyo can afford a Subway system because it's super dense. In my 300k city the public transportation system sucks because it can't justify further expansion because the city is not dense enough.

I bet it’s not the size of Tokyo so you couldn’t just use an e-bike instead of a car ?