I'm not aware of any natural or constructed English/Scandinavian pidgins/creoles, but that sure would be fun. The conventional wisdom is that it's easier for an English speaker to learn Swedish than it is to learn German.

Regarding if that would arise in the Scandinavian countries in the future - it actually seems more likely in German speaking countries. There is actually a word for it now - Denglisch (Deutsch Englisch), similar to e.g. Hinglish (Hindi English). Basically using German grammar with large amounts of English vocabulary. I hear so many English words in German lately for which there exists a perfectly good German word already.

Examples:

Denlisch: "Bist du ready?" Deutsch: "Bist du bereit?" English: "Are you ready?"

Denglisch: Joke Deutsch: Witz

Norwegian has several loanwords from English. Some are pronounced differently (such as "juice"), while others use the English pronunciation, but sometimes with a Norwegian ending. The latter is more common among the youth.

Another example:

"Denne eplejuicen er helt fucka / føkka"

-> This apple juice is fucked up.

Gamers often talk about "lev'le opp" ("level up") for example, but it's not used that often in its written form. It just looks strange to me. Sometimes they even replace a Norwegian word such as "oppgradere" with its English equivalent ("upgrade"), but pronouncing it in a mix of English and Norwegian.

I wonder where the b in sein conjugation came from?

  are (v.)
  present plural indicative of be (q.v.), from Old English earun (Mercian), aron (Northumbrian), from Proto-Germanic *ar-, probably a variant of PIE *es- "to be" (see am). Also from Old Norse cognates.

https://www.etymonline.com/word/are

> The conventional wisdom is that it's easier for an English speaker to learn Swedish than it is to learn German.

If we consider pronunciation then closest is probably Danish. As English pronunciation seems to be alien to most European languages.

Not Danish. Danish is pretty alien. Norwegian is quite easy for an English speaker, plus all the dialects mean that even technicalities such as the tone accent can be "worked around". Swedish and Norwegian are both pretty easy to pronounce and pretty easy to learn as an English speaker. Most of the problem is vocabulary, not really so much the grammar.

Yorkshuhman here… we say “ta” (tak) for thanks. We also say “cheers” (tschuss) for goodbye.

Going a bit deeper, “dale” (daal - Dutch), “beck” (beek - Dutch).

Having learnt (not learned) in Amsterdam, it’s very, very like the dialects of the north east of Yorkshuh. So much so, it’s rather a surprise.

Exactly my observation as a southerner who has lived in the north and Scandinavia

Norwegians speaking their native tongue to me sound like they’re speaking German with a Geordie accent.

if you’re only half-listening to a Scouser, it could easily be Dutch

cheers means goodbye in Yorkshire? In Lancashire (and elsewhere in the UK) I’ve never heard it mean anything other than “thank you” or the thing you say after clinking glasses

the only time I’ve ever heard anything different is from foreigners learning English

https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/cheers “goodbye”

https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/cheerio 1. “Goodbye”, 2. “Hello”

https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/cheero “A friendly greeting”

yes I’m aware of the dictionary definitions, that’s why foreigners say it, but not once have I ever heard an actual Brit use it like that. it’s a definition that has pretty much passed out of common usage

Cheers is used as goodbye here in the East Midlands. If you were here, you'd hear plenty of Brits use it on a daily basis.

in what context?

I could be wrong about this of course, but I suspect what you’re observing is people saying thank you as they’re leaving: e.g. getting off the bus, or after buying something, or after receiving directions

The phrase "Cheers for now" is less ambigous as a sign off or goodbye than cheers on its own.

In the context of 'cheers' being a direct one-to-one replacement of 'goodbye'. (Or more precisely 'bye'.) If, in my local usage, there is any difference between 'bye' and 'cheers', it's that the latter has a bit more bonhomie about it.

In this context, I'm afraid, you are wrong. When I'm in the office, the last thing I say to everybody else as I leave is, 'Cheers.' I'm not thanking them for letting me into office; I'm saying, 'Goodbye.'

I'm perplexed as to why you're pushing this so hard. People who have experience of this are telling you something. But you, despite clearly not having the same experience, are telling them that they are wrong. Don't mean to be snarky, but why is this so important to you?

Next up, 'Do Midlanders really call each other mardy?'

yesterday after discussing this, I asked multiple people I know from across the country, including the midlands, and they all said that no, cheers is not something they've ever heard as goodbye. I stand by the fact that cheers means thank you/regards, and occasionally is used in place of or alongside goodbye when some kind of transactional behaviour has taken place

https://www.reddit.com/r/AskUK/comments/1gkmqj/what_exactly_...

https://www.reddit.com/r/AskUK/comments/2sjb2j/how_do_i_use_...

https://www.reddit.com/r/AskUK/comments/8tooyt/is_cheers_ins...

you're misunderstanding the nuance of it. when other people are leaving the office and they say cheers, they're saying a short form of "cheers for working with me today" more equivalent to "regards" than "goodbye"

It’s also used in Bristol. “Cheers Drive” is a good-bye to a bus driver.

that’s “thank you” not “bye”

I understand it as “goodbye”. You have a point though.

Are you familiar with the Danelaw, and with Danegeld? I think that knowing "Danes" ruled much of mainland Britain for hundreds of years and provided kings of a unified-ish (pre-Norman) England (Cnut [Canute]) makes it less surprising?

The pronunciation of words between English and Dutch make them appear to be quite different. Once you’re used to hearing Dutch, which most British won’t be, the differences are much, much less than one might imagine.

Are you sure that "cheers" and "tschuss" are etymologically related? I would love that.

Everything I could find points to a Latin cognate, "cara".

Might be a common origin from Latin.

It does appear to be more than a coincidence that my dialect and the modern German usage share a word that sounds the same and means the same.

Northern English is significantly influenced by Scandinavian words today- for example the “-by” suffixes on town names is a direct use of the modern Danish word for town, Kirkby meaning Church Town in a direct translation

not a direct answer to your question, but there is a great youtube video explaining the reasons why English may be more Scandinavian in origin than we thought. has to do with... can't remember gotta search, brb

>Do you have any examples of an English / Scandinavian hybrid?

the idea being floated is that English is that Anglo-Saxon / Scandinavian hybrid.

I think Shetlandic is the closest you'll get: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shetland_dialect