So for instance an employee getting their laptop infected with malware, or through phishing, or through one of the many vulnerabilities discovered regularly on enterprise VPN software?
There is a reason that many organisations are going away with VPNs and "corporate networks" all together - it gives a false sense of security that stuff behind it is protected by the VPN and leads to poor security practices inside like obsolete Jenkins installs.
Disclaimer: I work at a company that sells Zero Trust as a concept and associated software, but I've had this opinion since before joining (I've seen enough of 'there's a VPN and then lots of apps/services/servers with very poor auth practices because it's behind the VPN, why bother?')
Your example of employee laptop getting infected with malware should be remediated by proper device management. Which should include policies like forced updates, prevents software install, uses corporate firewall, up to date antivirus, etc.
Since you mentioned you work for a company that sells zero trust, your response sounds like your solution would replace VPN. Don’t get me wrong, but feels like you are wearing the sales hat now.
Yes, old fashion VPN appliances will be probably seize to exist. Replaced by modern equivalent like tailscale. Layered security is the answer.
From what I hear, Google is moving toward the zero trust direction too.
Google were the ones who started this trend of zero trust
Personally i’m a big proponent of both cloud services and privately managed services. CI is one of those i think are better kept private due to its sensitivity.