Placing all those blocks by hand would be tedious.
I believe you are seeing a complier of code -> red stone, not code embedded into Minecraft.
(late edit: The file name is src/redpiler/mod.rs - a search brings up https://www.reddit.com/r/redstone/comments/md1xwy/redpiler_t... which is posted by the same author as the video creator... and that appears to be an optimized Redstone interpreter (terms get confusing here if you try to say that this is a that)...
> MCHPRS is an open source project with the goal of allowing high speed redstone execution. This speed was achieved by generating a graph structure of all redstone links. MCHPRS can compile redstone into a graph and execute based on it.
> This is what the generated graph looks like: https://imgur.com/a/J51nJvV
> Redpiler is just a proof of concept and I expect to be able to get much faster speeds in the future :D
/edit)
The code displayed at the beginning seems to come from that: https://github.com/MCHPR/MCHPRS/blob/master/crates/core/src/...
I don't know much about Minecraft, but I assumed the CPU would be built purely from blocks which act like transistors. Yet there's a part of the video where the show code written in-game(?). What's up with that? Isn't it cheating?