(Edit: Actually DLP does it in about that amount of time, nvm)
If you can find a vertical structure, like an antenna mast, you can measure shadow length and direction and if you know the height of the antenna, you have enough information for some trigonometry.
Speed is harder. You'd need to know the difference between exposures.
Took me a while to find it, so thought I'd save someone else the scrolling/search cost.
We know that telephone poles stick about 32 feet from the ground. Measuring the shadow in Google Earth above, it's about 20 feet. Now, it's a simple ratio.
Using Earth, I measured the distance from the plane to its shadow at about 2430 feet, that would put it at 3,900ft, which is surprisingly low, but I don't know the height of that pole for sure. It's the right ballpark, though.
> This one was probably on final approach during the summer when the winds are usually out of the south and was probably about 2,000 feet above the ground.
I've spent a number of years doing image orthorectification, and satellite imagery post-processing, then also worked on Google Earth and Google Maps, so I can tell you precisely what happened. This is a satellite image from a satellite which photographs different spectra at different times. There isn't enough parallax at typical orbital distance for this much displacement to come from multiple cameras. Looking at some parked cars, this looks like 20-30cm resolution per pixel, which is consistent with the newer earth imaging satellites.
Google Earth made a blog post about this a while ago (https://www.gearthblog.com/blog/archives/2015/03/planes-flig...)