I think you're doing a lot of math there to determine pressure and the fact is that pressure in a space station is going to be dictated entirely by biology - partial pressure of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide for mammal metabolism first, and comfort and plant metabolism later on. By the time logistics of managing or building out a real habitat, you're in a ±5psi range. Anything outside of that died on the design room floor.

Windows are at a huge premium on cruise ships. It'll be much worse on space ships. But it's possible that inside windows will eventually look out onto something more interesting than the black void of space, so an inside window may be preferable. One of the reasons we look out the window in a car or on a boat is to establish the horizon and fight motion sickness. If you look 'outside' of a rotating space station - especially a rotating space station orbiting a planet or moon - you'll head rapidly in the exact opposite direction.