I've studiously avoided Factorio because I don't need to get hooked on any more video games, but yes it's about thinking of your organization's workflow in terms like a critical path (Goldblatt would describe 'critical chain' in a later book), and then discovering where your bottlenecks are.

To be honest I would recommend a separate book for software practitioners, Reinertsen's Principles of Product Development Flow, because it gives you methods to look at which are more applicable to creative work where you can't easily turn your work into "production lines" to then use Lean manufacturing/JIT principles on.

Either way none of this works if you let every local work center just produce produce produce up to its peak output or most efficient point. At that point it becomes impossible to find the bottleneck because there are so many bottlenecks (including bottlenecks not on the critical path). That's a key reason why all the methods (Goldblatt, Reinertsen) focus on reducing the amount of work-in-progress and reducing batch sizes of each individual work package or work item.