If you want a more reliable approach then you need to work with a whitelist and clear warnings.
https://storage.googleapis.com/pub-tools-public-publication-... https://kumarde.com/papers/urls.pdf
I don't have a formal education in CS, but I really enjoy reading papers on programming (languages), architecture, data-engineering and web related things among others, especially when they have a practical focus/impact.
Is there a good way for me to find or rather discover resources like these?
I've been using Firefox for years and never realized this. Looking up at the top of my browser, I can see that "ycombinator.com" is highlighted and the rest of the URL is a darker grey. To me, this seems like a good compromise; you still get the full URL but the important parts stand out a bit more.
Part of the issue I've noticed is some sites actually do outsource things to other sites (microsoft has a lot of redirects on logins so you used to end up on passport.com I think to login, and then to something with azure, then office... etc). Combine this with subdomains and trailing urls and internationalization efforts and you are in trouble.
This must be just because of how we scan / read things? Ie, a quick cross check. A lot of people maybe don't parse all the elements properly (,.:?& etc).
The other issue - let's say just 2-5% of chrome users are confused. That still is a HUGE number that are confused.
I've spent most of my adult life trying to teach my parents to look at the address bar to make sure they're on bankofamerica.com and not some random phishing domain. That kind of falls apart though when it's... bankofamerica.comm.phishingdom.com/{random filler}/bankofamerica/user/login
HN users are fantastic at thinking all technologies should revolve around their niche use case.