SolidRun MACCHIATObin has one PCIe slot. Enough for a GPU! I have this, it's pretty good. Though I have to resort to USB-Ethernet since FreeBSD doesn't support the onboard NIC (and the driver isn't the easiest to port) :D
SolidRun HoneyComb LX2K has a bigger full size slot and an M.2 slot. I don't think bifurcation works but you do have two slots, you could run a GPU and a NIC or HBA at the same time, using an M.2 to PCIe-slot adapter. And/or use extension boards with PLX switches if you need more cards?
$750 is perhaps a bit more than I was willing to pay, but that is pretty interesting.
Not ITX or ATX, but the RockPro64 has a single PCIex4 slot. $60 for 2GB model or $80 for the 4 GB model right now.
https://store.pine64.org/product/rockpro64-2gb-single-board-...
This is at a completely different budget, but I used an Nvidia jetson TX2 dev kit for a while and it's reasonably responsive and has a PCIe slot. I think the dev kit carrier board is also ITX-shaped, but am not too sure.
Re:Raspberry Pi 4 PCIe bridge “chip”
by imtringued on Wednesday July 01, 2020 @02:56PM
(#23705081)
Only if you have deep pockets.
This PCIe on the Raspberry Pi is a neat hack, but still a way of from being a real desktop.