I'm not talking about emergencies - I'm talking about situations where someone comes in for a "routine" blood test, but it shows they have cancer, and you as a doctor end up blaming yourself for not spending 10 minutes more to look at the test the day before, and the most obvious thing to blame for not having those 10 extra minutes is anything in IT that slows you down and takes those 10 minutes away. Even if it's irrational(maybe that person would have died even if you did look at the test slightly earlier) the guilt can be very real.

This. I don't know enough about the econo-political situation gp mentions, but the idea that doctors are somehow irresponsible for not wanting to enter passwords is a perfect example of a usability fail. It's too easy to gloss over - "it's only a password". But think of your own situation: ever been a bit frustrated when your desktop/laptop times out and locks, just as you were about to start typing again? Objectively it takes seconds to enter your password again. Subjectively it's broken your flow. Convenience has a non-linear decay curve. Now take that out of your work environment, where your normal context is sitting/standing at a desk. And put it in a hospital where a doctor is mobile by default: on their rounds/attending to patients/whatever.

The answer isn't "make the doctors change and accept the inconvenience". The answer is "find a solution that actually helps them rather than hindering".

Yes, there will always be recalcitrant users who stubbornly refuse to use systems irrespective of usability and/or utility. But I'd wager most aren't in this category. Most will be only too ready to use something that actually helps them.

If passwords are a barrier to use, find a better solution.

The computing industry is quite unique in that we are so arrogant that we tend to tell everybody else how they should be doing their job, and then add insult to injury by blaming the users for the systems shortcomings.