This thread started with "In any state besides California and Illinois", so California state code is irrelevant.
Also, posting bare links as replies is annoying. Please add some context.
Also, posting bare links as replies is annoying. Please add some context.
Even if there's some question as to the theoretical legal enforceability of an agreement, if you have to sign it to have a job, then it's not practical to challenge it. You'd have to have the resources for litigation as well as to make a living after being blacklisted.
It is true that people ignore their agreements (about IP, not to run a side business, etc) when they think the company will never notice. That's still a meaningful risk that exists that some day they will.