https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(16)...
Things start to look rough for the highest quintile and especially the top 2 'tertiles of the top quintile' (I know, a weird subdivision here). But we're talking about 24 miles in a week and maybe 5+ sessions... pretty far removed from evidence that you shouldn't ever run more than 5K.
I don't have a horse in this race but there's a lot of broscience drifting around this area with the general message being that any kind of slow distance training will turn you into a pencil-necked dweeb with bad health and a shocking hormone profile.
As for your last sentence...no one here said anything about that. No one even said it would cause "bad health" to run a full marathon. However, when you run long distances, it has tremendous effects on parts of your body that are prone to injury and strain. Women long distance runners even have fertility problems. The human body was not meant to run long distances as the person I was replying to suggested. It's not "healthy" when contrasted with lower distances. Running itself is good.
I know that many people will say... but but there were old people and the stats are very skewed by infant mortality, but the fact is that mortality was high in every cohort when compared with now which made living into late middle age unusual.
Anyone can complete a marathon. But completing it in a good time is hard.
Hasn't this been debunked?
This was a fact (AFAIK) that I was aware of before as well. A quick Googling provides large amounts of resources suggesting it's true.
Article in Nature: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/11/041123163757.h...
NYT: https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/27/health/27well.html
Harvard: https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2007/04/humans-hot-sw...
And, again, many more from a quick Googling.
Edit: Ok found where I read it
http://running.competitor.com/2014/01/injury-prevention/are-...
If you remove the claims of how extreme this is, all this really says is that older Americans adopt exercise as a hobby they enjoy with seriousness. This is... not a crisis.