There is not much room to improve sensor technology. Photon shot noise is already the dominant factor. There is a bit of improvement available by modifying the bayer filter to filter less. But other than that, you just need more photons, which means a bigger sensor or a bigger aperture, both of which imply more glass. Or a longer exposure. Higher framerates and computational photography help make longer exposures an acceptable option.

Specifically, something like 200+ fps pipelined global shutter. That means you loose less than 1% time between exposures at these high frame rates. But maybe rolling shutter at similar speeds might be able to handle it too... It seems that is mostly trouble if shooting at fast shutter speeds, with a non-stationary scene/camera, due to the wobble e.g. periodic roll shake causes.